Graduate Calendar 2009-2010

Physics

3302 Herzberg Building
Telephone: 613-520-4320
Fax: 613-520-4061
www.physics.carleton.ca

The Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Physics

Director of the Institute: Gerald Oakham
Associate Director: Ivan L'Heureux

Students pursuing studies in physics at the M.Sc. and Ph.D. levels in the Ottawa area do so in a cooperative program that combines the resources of the Departments of Physics of Carleton University and the University of Ottawa. The two universities have a joint committee supervising the programs, regulations, and student admissions.

Students are admitted for graduate work under the general regulations of the Institute, which include criteria related to academic performance, research experience, and referees' appraisals. The choice of program and/or research project and supervisor will determine the student's primary campus location.

At Carleton, the research areas of physics available for programs leading to the M.Sc. or the Ph.D. degree include particle physics and medical physics. In particle physics, both theoretical and experimental programs are available. At the University of Ottawa, the research interests include condensed matter physics, biophysics, non-linear dynamics, statistical mechanics, materials science, photonics, and surface physics. The graduate courses offered on the two campuses match this complementarity of research interests, and the courses listed below are therefore grouped to reflect the different emphases on the two campuses.

In addition, the M.Sc. degree in the area of physics in modern technology is offered at both campuses. This program requires a work term placement rather than a thesis.

A program leading to the M.A.Sc. in Biomedical Engineering is offered by Carleton University's Department of Physics, in cooperation with the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, the School of Information Technology and Engineering, and the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Ottawa. For further information, refer to the Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering section of this Calendar.

The list below of all members of the Institute along with their research interests can be used as a guide to possible supervisors. For students in the medical physics stream, research supervision may be provided by members of other institutions in the area, such as hospitals, cancer clinics, and government laboratories.

Requests for information and completed applications should be sent to the Director or Associate Director of the Institute. Detailed information is available at our Web site.

Members of the Institute

The home department of each member of the Institute is indicated by (C) for the Department of Physics, Carleton University and (O) for the Department of Physics, University of Ottawa.

• J.C. Armitage, Photonics (C)
• D. Asner, Experimental high energy physics (C)
• X. Bao, Photonics (O)
• A. Bellerive, Experimental particle physics (C)
• R. Bhardwaj, Ultrafast photonics (O)
• T. Brabec, Photonics (O)
• I. Cameron, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• B. Campbell, Theoretical particle physics (C)
• S. Charbonneau, Semiconductor physics (O-Adjunct)
• K. Chen, Computational materials science (O-Adjunct)
• L. Chen, Theoretical condensed matter, photonics (O)
• B. Clark, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• P. Corkum, Photonics (O)
• J. Cygler, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• A. Czajkowski, Photonics, infrared frequency standards (O)
• R. deKemp, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• S. Desgreniers, High pressure physics (O)
• M. Dixit, Experimental high energy physics (C-Adjunct)
• S. Fafard, Semiconductor physics (O-Adjunct)
• P. Finnie, Semiconductor physics (O-Adjunct)
• E. Fortin, Semiconductor physics (O)
• L.H. Gerig, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• J. Giorgi, Fuel cells, catalysis, surface science (O-Cross-appointed)
•  S. Godfrey,  Theoretical particle physics  (C)
• K. Graham, Experimental particle physics (C)
• J. Harden, Biological physics, soft condensed matter (O)
• C.K. Hargrove, Experimental high energy physics (C-Adjunct)
• P. Hawrylak, Theoretical condensed matter (O-Adjunct)
• R.J. Hemingway, Experimental high energy physics (C-Adjunct)
• K. Hinzer, Optoelectronics (O-Cross-appointed)
• R.J.W. Hodgson, Theoretical nuclear physics (O)
• B.J. Jarosz, Medical physics (C)
• P.C. Johns, Medical physics (C)
• Béla Joós, Theoretical condensed matter and biological physics (O)
• M. Kaern, Cellular and molecular medicine (O-Cross-appointed)
• P. Kalyniak, Theoretical particle physics (C)
• I. Kawrakow, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• G. Lamarche, Low temperature physics (O-Adjunct)
• M.A.R. LeBlanc, Superconductivity (O)
• P. Lu, Photonics (O-Adjunct)
• I. L'Heureux, Nonequilibrium processes in nonlinear systems (O)
• H. Logan, Theoretical partical physics (C)
• A. Longtin, Nonlinear dynamics, biophysics (O)
• M. McEwen, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• S. Mihailov, Photonics (O-Adjunct)
• R.Munger, Medical photonics (O-Cross-appointed)
• C. Ng, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• F.G. Oakham, Experimental high energy physics (C)
• A. Pelling, Biological physics (O)
• P. Piercy, Condensed matter physics (O)
• G.P. Raaphorst, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• L. Ramunno, Theoretical and computational nanophotonics (O)
• D.G. Rancourt, Solid state magnetism (O)
• S. Raymond, Semiconductor physics (O)
• D.W.O. Rogers, Medical physics (C)
• C. Ross, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• H. Schriemer, Heterogeneous photonic nanosystems (O-Cross-appointed)
• W.D. Sinclair, Neutrino physics (C)
• G.W. Slater, Polymer physics (O)
• Z.M. Stadnik, Electronic structure and magnetism (O)
• A. Stolow, Photonics (O-Adjunct)
• M.K. Sundaresan, Theoretical particle physics (C)
• J. Tse, Theoretical material sciences (O-Adjunct)
• Y. Varshni, Theoretical atomic and condensed matter physics (O)
• D. Villeneuve, Femtosecond science (O-Adjunct)
• M. Vincter, Experimental particle physics (C)
• R. Wassenaar, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• P.J.S. Watson, Theoretical particle physics (C)
• R.G. Wells, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• D. Wilkins, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• R. Wilkins, Medical physics (C-Adjunct)
• R. Williams, Semiconductor physics (O-Adjunct)
• T. Xu, Medical physics (C)

Master of Science

An Honours B.Sc. in Physics or a closely related field at a standard acceptable to the two universities is normally required for admission to the M.Sc. program. The admissions committee may require students to take an orientation examination during the first weeks of residence. The results of this examination may indicate the need for a student to register in undergraduate courses to fill gaps in his/her knowledge. It is strongly recommended that all students have had at least one course in computing.

Program Requirements

The options for the M.Sc. program are described below. Normally the requirements for the research M.Sc. with thesis consist of:

• 2.5 credits of course work
• A thesis (2.5 credits) defended at an oral examination
• Participation in the seminar series of the Institute

Students with academic preparation particularly well suited for their chosen field of study may have their course credit requirements reduced to 2.0 credits. In this case, a 3.0-credit thesis will be required.

The minimum number of courses is 1.5 credits. At least 1.0 credit must consist of lecture courses at the graduate level. The courses PHYS 5900 and PHYS 5901 are courses on Selected Topics, normally given as directed studies, and cannot fulfil this lecture course requirement. Most students will be expected to take PHYS 5002, or another equivalent computing physics course. Students in experimental or theoretical particle physics streams will normally include PHYS 5601, PHYS 5602, PHYS 5701 and PHYS 5702 among their courses.

For the medical physics stream the three areas of specialization are: imaging, therapy, and biophysics. All students are required to take PHYS 5203 and 0.5 credit appropriate physics course from an area of physics other than medical physics. In addition:

• For imaging, PHYS 5204 is required
• For therapy, PHYS 5206 is required
• For biophysics, 0.5 credit chosen from PHYS 5207, cell biology, physiology or anatomy is required

Students with a medical/health physics background may have the selection of required courses adjusted to reflect their preparation and may receive advanced standing for equivalent courses.

A selection from PHYS 5208, PHYS 5209, or, (with approval) other appropriate courses in physics, engineering, computer science, business or law can be used to complete the program.

In special cases, the requirements may also be met by taking 5.0 credits of course work. 1.0 credit must be the selected topics course PHYS 5900.

Students in the physics in modern technology stream must successfully complete the following requirements:

• 3.0 credits of course work
• PHYS 5905
• Students will normally include two of PHYS 5002, PHYJ 5003, PHYJ 5004, PHYJ 5005 among their courses.

Students enrolled in the physics in modern technology stream are required to complete a work term rather than a research thesis. Students in this stream who wish to pursue a research degree should consult with the graduate supervisor. Although every effort is made to find a work term position for every student enrolled in the physics in modern technology stream, no guarantee of employment can be made. To minimize the likelihood of a work term position not being found, enrolment will be limited to reflect the availability of work term placements. In the event that a work term placement cannot be found, students may fulfil the M.Sc. requirements with courses only as described above.

Candidates admitted to the M.Sc. program with more than the minimum course requirements may be permitted to credit towards the degree a maximum of 1.0 credit at the senior undergraduate level. This maximum does not apply to qualifying-year students.

Guidelines for Completion of Master's Degree

With the exception of those students in the physics in modern technology stream, full-time master's candidates are expected to complete all requirements in six terms of registered full-time study. Part-time master's candidates are expected to complete their degree requirements within an elapsed period of three to four calendar years after the date of initial registration.

Students in the physics in modern technology stream are normally expected to complete all their requirements in three successive terms of registered full-time study.

Doctor of Philosophy

Admission Requirements

An M.Sc. in Physics, or a closely related field, is normally required for admission into the Ph.D. program. Students who have been admitted to the M.Sc. program may be permitted to transfer into the Ph.D. program if they demonstrate academic abilities for advanced research in their field.

In exceptional cases, an outstanding student who has completed the honours B.Sc. will also be considered.

Program Requirements (from M.Sc.)

The normal requirements for the Ph.D. degree (after M.Sc.) are:

• A minimum of 2.0 credits of course work at the graduate level
• Students who lack any of the relevant courses recommended for the M.Sc. program will be expected to have completed them (or the equivalents) by the end of their Ph.D. program. In addition, students in experimental or theoretical particle physics should complete PHYS 6601 and PHYS 6602, and students in medical physics should complete PHYS 5209.
• A comprehensive examination designed to demonstrate overall ability in physics and in the candidate's research area, normally within the first year of study. This takes the form of a written examination followed, if necessary, by an oral examination.
• A thesis (8.0 credits) which will be defended at an oral examination. The examining board for all theses will include members of the Institute from both Departments of Physics. The external examiner of the thesis will be external to both Departments of Physics.
• Participation in the seminar series of the Institute

Guidelines for Completion of Doctoral Degree

Full-time Ph.D. candidates admitted on the basis of an M.Sc. are expected to complete all requirements within an elapsed period of four to five years after the date of initial registration. Part-time Ph.D. candidates are expected to complete all requirements within an elapsed period of six years after the date of initial registration.

Residence Requirements

For the M.Sc. degree:

• At least one year of full-time study (or equivalent)

For the Ph.D. degree (from B.Sc.):

• At least three years of full-time study (or equivalent)

For the Ph.D. degree (from M.Sc.):

• At least two years of full-time study (or equivalent)

Graduate Courses

Not all of the following courses are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings and to determine the term of offering, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca

University of Ottawa course numbers (in parentheses) follow the Carleton course number and credit information.

The following course is offered either at Carleton or the University of Ottawa:

PHYS 5701 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5170)

Intermediate Quantum Mechanics with Applications

Angular momentum and rotation operations; Wigner and Racah coefficients; several and many electron problem in atoms; variational and Hartree-Fock formalism; introduction to second quantized field theory; scattering theory.

Prerequisites: PHYS 4707 and PHYS 4708 or permission of the Department.

The following courses are offered only at Carleton:

PHYS 5002 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5344)

Computational Physics

Computational methods used in analysis of experimental data. Introduction to probability and random variables. Monte Carlo methods for simulation of random processes. Statistical methods for parameter estimation and hypothesis tests. Confidence intervals. Multivariate data classification. Unfolding methods. Examples taken primarily from particle and medical physics. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PHYS 4807, for which additional credit is precluded.

Prerequisite: an ability to program in FORTRAN, Java, C, or C++ or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5101 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8111)

Classical Mechanics and Theory of Fields

Hamilton's principle; conservation laws; canonical transformations; Hamilton-Jacobi theory; Lagrangian formulation of classical field theory.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 5201 [0.5 credit]

Introduction to Medical Imaging Principles and Technology

Basic principles and technological implementation of x-ray, nuclear medicine, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other imaging modalities used in medicine. Contrast, resolution, storage requirements for digital images. Applications outside of medicine, future trends.
Precludes additional credit for BIOM 5201.

Prerequisite: permission of the Physics Department.

PHYS 5202 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8122)

Special Topics in Molecular Spectroscopy

Topics may include: electronic spectra of diatomic and triatomic molecules and their interpretation using molecular orbital diagrams; Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopy; symmetry aspects of vibrational and electronic levels of ions and molecules in solids; the presence of weak and strong resonant laser radiation. (Also listed as CHEM 5009/CHM 8150).

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 5203 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5161)

Medical Radiation Physics

Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. Sources: X-ray, accelerators, radionuclide. Charged particle interaction mechanisms, stopping powers, kerma, dose. Introduction to dosimetry. Units, measurements, dosimetry devices.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 5204 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5112)

Physics of Medical Imaging

Physical foundation of and recent developments in transmission X-ray imaging, computerized tomography, nuclear medicine, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound, for the specialist imaging physicist. Image quality, contrast, resolution, SNR, MTF, DQE. Introduction to image processing, system performance assessment.

Prerequisites: PHYS 5203 and PHYS 4203, or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5206 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5164)

Medical Radiotherapy Physics

Radiation therapy process and physics. Ion chamber dosimetry, Monte Carlo techniques of radiation transport, cavity theories, external beam therapy, brachytherapy, dosimetry protocols, detectors used in radiation therapy. Treatment planning, monitor unit calculations, intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Novel and alternate techniques.

Prerequisite: PHYS 5203 or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5207 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5165)

Radiobiology

Physics and chemistry of radiation interactions. Cell biology, DNA damage and repair, survival curves and models, radiosensitivity, oxygen effect. Linear energy transfer, relative biological effectiveness. Whole body radiation effects, radioprotectors, radiosensitizers. Hyperthermia. Molecular techniques in radiobiology. Model tumour systems.

Prerequisite: PHYS 5203 must have been taken, or be taken concurrently, or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5208 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5163)

Radiation Protection

Dose quantities, effects of radiation exposure, fetal risks, scientific basis for protection, dose limits. Background radiation, dose from internal radionuclides. Doses in radiology, incidents in radiation therapy. Shielding design, working with radioactive materials. Instruments and measurement. Radiation protection organizations.

Prerequisite: PHYS 5203 or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5209 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5166)

Medical Physics Practicum

Experience with current clinical medical imaging and cancer therapy equipment, and dosimetry and biophysics instrumentation. The course requires completion of experimental projects on medical imaging, radiotherapy, dosimetry, and biophysics, conducted at local clinics and NRC laboratories.

Prerequisites: PHYS 5203. Also, as appropriate to the majority of projects undertaken, one of PHYS 5204, PHYS 5206, PHYS 5207, or other biophysics course, or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5291 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5167)

Advanced Topics in Medical Physics

Topics may include medical imaging physics, cancer therapy physics, medical biophysics, or radiation protection and health physics. Prerequisites: PHYS 5203 plus, as appropriate to the particular advanced topic offered, at least one of PHYS 5204, PHYS 5206, PHYS 5207; or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5302 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8132)

Classical Electrodynamics

Covariant formulation of electrodynamics; Lenard-Wiechert potentials; radiation reaction; plasma physics; dispersion relations.

Prerequisite: PHYS 4307 or equivalent, or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5318 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5318)

Modern Optics

Electromagnetic wave propagation; reflection, refraction; Gaussian beams; guided waves. Laser theory: stimulated emission, cavity optics, gain and bandwidth, atomic and molecular lasers. Mode locking, Q switching. Diffraction theory, coherence, Fourier optics, holography, laser applications. Optical communication systems, nonlinear effects: devices, fibre sensors, integrated optics.
Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PHYS 4208 for which additional credit is precluded.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 5601 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5966)

Experimental Techniques of Nuclear and Elementary Particle Physics

The interaction of radiation and high energy particles with matter; experimental methods of detection and acceleration of particles; use of relativistic kinematics; counting statistics.

Prerequisites: PHYS 4307 or equivalent, and PHYS 4707; or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5602 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5967)

Physics of Elementary Particles

Properties of leptons, quarks, and hadrons. The fundamental interactions. Conservation laws; invariance principles and quantum numbers. Resonances observed in hadron-hadron interactions. Three body phase space. Dalitz plot. Quark model of hadrons, mass formulae. Weak interactions; parity violation, decay of neutral kaons; CP violation; Cabibbo theory. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PHYS 4602, for which additional credit is precluded.

Prerequisite: PHYS 4707 or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5604 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8164)

Intermediate Nuclear Physics

Properties of the deuteron and the neutron-proton force. Nucleon-nucleon forces, isospin and charge independence. Nuclear models. Scattering theory. Interpretation of n-p and p-p scattering experiments. Interaction of nucleons with electrons. Interaction of nuclei with radiation.

Prerequisite: PHYS 4608 or permission of the Department.

PHYS 5702 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8172)

Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

Relativistic wave equations. Expansion of S matrix in Feynman perturbation series. Feynman rules. An introduction to quantum electro-dynamics with some second quantization. Gauge theories. May include introduction to Standard Model.

Prerequisite: PHYS 5701 and permission of the Department.

PHYS 5801 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5140)

Methods of Theoretical Physics I

This course and PHYS 5802 are designed for students who wish to acquire a wide background of mathematical techniques. Topics can include complex variables, evaluation of integrals, approximation techniques, dispersion relations, Pade approximants, boundary value problems, Green's functions, integral equations.

PHYS 5802 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5141)

Methods of Theoretical Physics II

This course complements PHYS 5801.Topics include group theory, discussion of SU2, SU3, and other symmetry groups. Lorentz group.

PHYS 5900 [1.0 credit] (PHY 8290)

Selected Topics in Physics (M.Sc.)

A student may, with the permission of the Department, take more than one selected topic, in which case each full course is counted for credit.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 5901 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8191)

Selected Topics in Physics (M.Sc.)

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 5905 [1.0 credit] (PHY 5495)

Physics in Modern Technology Work Term

Experience for students enrolled in the physics in modern technology stream. To receive course credit, students must receive satisfactory evaluations for their work term employment. Written and oral reports describing the work term project are required.

Prerequisites: Registration in the physics in modern technology stream of the M.Sc. program and permission of the Department.

PHYS 5909 (PHY 7999)

M.Sc. Thesis

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 6601[0.5 credit] (PHY 8165)

Particle Physics Phenomenology

This course covers much of the required knowledge for research in particle physics from both the experimental and theoretical points of view. Topics may include: standard model, parton model, quark model, hadron spectroscopy, and tests of QCD.

Prerequisite: PHYS 5602 or permission of the Department.

PHYS 6602 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8166)

Advanced Topics in Particle Physics

Phenomenology
This course will consist of a variety of seminars and short lecture courses, and will cover topics of immediate interest to the research program of the department.

Prerequisite: PHYS 6601 or permission of the Department.

PHYS 6701 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8173)

Quantum Field Theory

Relativistic quantum field theory; second quantization of Bose and Fermi fields; reduction and LSZ formalism; perturbation expansion and proof of renormalizability of quantum field theories; calculations of radiative corrections and applications.

Prerequisites: PHYS 5701 and PHYS 5702, or permission of the Department.

PHYS 6900 [1.0 credit] (PHY 8490)

Selected Topics in Physics (Ph.D.)

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 6901 [0.5 credit] (PHY 8391)

Selected Topics in Physics (Ph.D.)

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYS 6909 (PHY 9999)

Ph.D. Thesis

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

The following courses are offered only at the University of Ottawa:

PHYJ 5001 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5130)

Experimental Characterization Techniques in Materials Science, Physics, Chemistry, and Mineralogy

Survey of experimental techniques used in materials science, condensed matter physics, solid state chemistry, and mineralogy to characterize materials and solid substances. Diffraction. Spectroscopy. Microscopy and imaging. Other analytic techniques.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5003 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5342)

Computer Simulations in Physics

Advanced numerical methods to study large scale problems in the natural sciences; molecular dynamics, Langevin dynamics, Brownian dynamics methods. The use of different thermodynamic ensembles to compute experimentally relevant physical properties, and work with non-equilibrium situations. Methods to handle very large problems on parallel computers.

Prerequisite: PHY 3355 (PHY 3755), PHY 3370 (PHY 3770) and familiarity with FORTRAN, Pascal or C.

PHYJ 5004 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5340)

Computational Physics I

Deterministic numerical methods in physics. Interpolation methods. Numerical solutions of Newton's, Maxwell's and Schrödinger's equations. Molecular dynamics. Non-linear dynamics. Numerical solutions of partial differential equations in physics. Finite elements. This course cannot be combined for credit with PHY 4340 (PHY 4740).

PHYJ 5005 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5341)

Computational Physics II

Interpolation, regression and modeling. Random number generation. Monte Carlo methods. Simulations in thermo-statistics. Fractals, percolation, cellular automation. Stochastic methods. This course cannot be combined for credit with PHY 4341 (PHY 4741).

PHYJ 5006 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5362)

Computational Methods in Material Sciences

Introduction to modern computational techniques used in material science research. Classical molecular dynamics, classical and quantum Monte Carlo methods, plane-wave based electronic band structure calculations, Carr-Parrinello quantum molecular dynamics. Applications to condensed matter systems: basic simulation techniques, force-field based methods, first-principles quantum mechanical methods.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5102 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5361)

Nonlinear Dynamics in the Natural Sciences

Differential and difference equations, Fourier series and data analysis, stability analysis, Poincaré maps, local bifurcations, routes to chaos and statistical properties of strange attractors. Applications of these concepts to specific problems in condensed matter physics, molecular physics, fluid mechanics, dissipative structures, and evolutionary systems.
Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5308 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5384)

Physics of Fiber Optic Systems

Physics of electromagnetic waves in fiber-optic systems. Laser modulation, chirp effects, noise. Amplitude, frequency, phase modulation. Optical dispersion (chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion and polarization-dependent losses). Fibre losses and nonlinear effects. Optical detectors, receivers, signal to noise ratio, power penalties. Overall system design.

PHYJ 5322 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5322)

Biological Physics

Biological phenomena studied using techniques of physics. Key components of cells. Physical concepts relevant to cellular phenomena: Brownian dynamics, fluids, suspensions, entropy driven phenomena, chemical forces and self-assembly. Biological molecules. Enzymes. Molecular motors. Nerve impulses. Also offered, with different requirements, as PHY 4322.
Precludes additional credit for PHY 4322.

PHYJ 5330 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5330)

Fibre Optics Communications

Optical fibres: description, modes, losses. optical transmitters: light-emitting diodes, semiconducting lasers. Optical receivers: design, noise, sensitivity, degradation, performance. System design and performance. Optical amplifiers: dispersion management, pre-compensation schemes, post-compensation techniques, dispersion compensating fibres, optical filters, fibre Bragg gratings, soliton generation, long-haul lightwave systems, high-capacity systems.

Precludes additional credit for ELG 5103.

PHYJ 5331 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5331)

Fibre Optics Sensors

Fundamental properties of optical fibres. Light sources and detectors for optical fibre applications. Fibre optics sensors based on the Mach-Zehnder, Michelson and Fabry-Perot Interferometers, Bragg gratings. signal detection schemes. Distributed sensing and multiplexing. Applications for optical fibre sensors. Temperature and strain measurements.

PHYJ 5332 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5332)

Nonlinear Optics

Nonlinear optical susceptibility; wave equation description of nonlinear optics processes: second harmonic generation, intensity dependent refractive index, sum- and frequency-generation, parametric amplification; quantum mechanical theory of nonlinear optics; Brillouin and Raman scattering; the electro-optic effect; nonlinear fibre optics and solitons.

PHYJ 5333 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5333)

Mode Locked Lasers

Concept and realization of mode locking. Mode locked lasers including Q-switch. Ultrafast pulse generation and measurement. Soliton generation: dispersion and self-phase modulation. Applications to science and technology.

PHYJ 5401 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5100)

Solid State Physics I

Periodic structures, Lattice waves. Electron states. Static properties of solids. Electron-electron interaction. Dynamics of electrons. Transport properties. Optical properties.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5402 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5110)

Solid State Physics II

Elements of group theory. Band structure, tight binding and other approximations, Hartree-Fock theory. Measuring the Fermi surface. Boltzmann equation and semiconductors. Diamagnetism, paramagnetism and magnetic ordering. Superconductivity.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5403 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5151)

Type I and II Superconductors

Flux flow and flux cutting phenomena. Clem general critical state model. Flux quantization, Abrikosov vortex model and Ginzburg-Landau theory. Superconducting tunnelling junctions (Giaevar and Josephson types).

Prerequisite: PHY 4370 or permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5404 [0.5 credit] (PHY 6371)

Topics in Mössbauer Spectroscopy

Recoilless emission/absorption, anisotropic Debye-Waller factors, second order Doppler shifts. Mössbauer lineshape theory with static and dynamic hyperfine interactions. Distributions of static hyperfine parameters. Physics of the hyperfine parameters: origin of the hyperfine field, calculations of electric field gradients. Applications of Mössbauer spectroscopy.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5407 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5380)

Semiconductor Physics I

Brillouin zones and band theory. E-k diagram, effective mass tensors, etc. Electrical properties of semiconductors. Conduction, hall effect, magneto-resistance. Scattering processes. Multivalley models and non-parabolic bands.

Prerequisite: PHY 4380 or permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5408 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5381/PHY 5781)

Semiconductor Physics II: Optical Properties

Optical constants and dispersion theory. Optical absorption, reflection and band structure. Absorption at band edge and excitons. Lattice, defect and free carrier absorption, Magneto-optics. Photo-electronic properties, luminescence, detector theory. Experimental methods.

Prerequisite: PHY 4380 or permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5409 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5951)

Low Temperature Physics II

Helium 3 and Helium 4 cryostats. Dilution refrigerators. Theory and techniques of adiabatic demagnetization. Thermometry at low temperatures. Problems of thermal equilibrium and of thermal isolation. Properties of matter at very low temperature.

Prerequisite: PHY 4355 or permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5502 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5740)

Physique Numérique I

Méthodes numériques déterministes en physique. Techniques d'interpolation. Solutions numérique des équations de Newton, de Maxwell et de Schrödinger. Dynamique moléculaire. Dynamique non-linéaire. Solutions numériques des équations aux dérivées partielles en physique. Éléments finis.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5503 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5741)

Physique Numérique II

Interpolation, régression et modeler. Nombres aléatoires. Techniques de Monte-Carlo. Simulations thermo-statistiques. Percolation, fractales, et automisation cellulaire. Méthodes numériques stochastiques.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5504 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5387)

Physics of Materials

Microscopic characteristics related to the physical properties of materials. Materials families: metals and alloys, ceramics, polymers and plastics, composites, layered materials, ionic solids, molecular solids, etc. Specific materials groups. Equilibrium phase diagrams and their relation to microstructure and kinetics. Experimental methods of characterization. Interactions and reactions.

Prerequisite: PHY 4382 or equivalent. Cannot be combined with PHY 4387.

PHYJ 5505 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5355)

Statistical Mechanics

Ensemble theory. Interacting classical and quantum systems. Phase transitions and critical phenomena. Fluctuations and linear response theory. Kinetic equations.

Prerequisites: PHY 4370 and PHY 3355 or permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5506 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5742)

Simulations numériques en physique

Un cours ayant but d'étudier des méthodes numériques avancées employées dans les problèmes à grande échelle dans les sciences naturelles. Emploi d'ensembles thermo-dynamiques différents, calculs de propriétés physiques expérimentalement pertinentes, et extension aux situations hors d'équilibre. Techniques pour ordinateurs parallèles.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5507 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5922)

Advanced Magnetism

Study of some experimental and theoretical aspects of magnetic phenomena found in ferro-, ferri-, antiferro-magnetic and spin glass materials. Topics of current interest in magnetism.

Prerequisite: PHY 4385 and permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5508 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5320)

Introduction to the Physics of Macromolecules

Chemistry of macromolecules and polymers; random walks and the static properties of polymers; experimental methods; the Rouse model and single chain dynamics; polymer melts and viscoelasticity; the Flory-Huggins theory; the reptation theory; computer simulation algorithms; biopolymers and copolymers.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5509 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5347)

Physics, Chemistry and Characterization of Mineral Systems

The materials science of mineral systems such as the network and layered silicates. In-depth study of the relations between mineralogically relevant variables such as: atomic structure, crystal chemistry, site populations, valence state populations, crystallization conditions. Interpretation and basic understanding of characterization tools.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5703 [0.5 credit] (PHY 6170)

Advanced Quantum Mechanics II

Systems of identical particles and many-body theory. Lattice and impurity scattering. Quantum processes in a magnetic field. Radiative and non-radiative transitions. Introduction to relativistic quantum mechanics.

Prerequisite: PHY 5170 and permission of the Department.

PHYJ 5722 [0.5 credit] (PHY 5722)

Physique Biologique

Application des méthodes de la physique à l'etude des phénomènes biologiques. Composantes principales d'une cellule. Concepts physiques pertinents aux phénomènes cellulaires : dynamique brownienne, liquides, suspensions, phénomènes d'origine entropique, forces chimiques et auto-assemblage. Molécules biologiques. Enzymes. Moteurs moléculaires. Impulsions nerveuses. Offert également, avec des exigences différentes, sous la cote PHY 4722. Precludes additional credit for PHY 4722.

PHYJ 6406 [0.5 credit] (PHY 6382)

Physics of Semiconductor Superlattices

Fundamental physics of two-dimensional quantized semiconductor structures. Electronic and optical properties of superlattices and quantum wells. Optical and electronic applications. This course is intended for students registered for the Ph.D. in semiconductor physics research.

Prerequisite: advanced undergraduate or graduate course in solid state physics and permission of the Department.

PHYJ 6407 [0.5 credit] (PHY 6782)

Physique des super-réseaux à semi-conducteurs

Physique fondamentale des structures quantiques bi-dimensionnelles à semiconducteurs. Propriétés électroniques et optiques des super-réseaux et puits quantiques. Applications à l'électronique et à l'optique. Ce cours est destiné aux étudiants et aux étudiantes inscrits au doctorat en physique des semiconducteurs.

Prerequisite: permission of the Department.