Graduate Calendar 2008-2009

Public Policy and Administration

Dunton Tower 1021
Telephone: 613-520-2547
Fax: 613-520-2551
E-mail: public_administration@carleton.ca
carleton.ca/sppa

The School

Director of the School: S.D. Phillips
Supervisor, Master's Program: L. Mills
Supervisor, Doctoral Program: L.A. Pal
Supervisor, Co-op: J.M. Stewart

The School of Public Policy and Administration at Carleton University is a leading national and international centre for teaching and research in public administration and public policy. Since being established in 1953, the School has prepared its students for professional careers in the public, private and voluntary sectors, both in Canada and abroad. The nature of the public sector has always been subject to change, but perhaps never more than in recent years. The graduate programs of the School treat the public sector in this dynamic context.

The School offers graduate programs of study and research in the fields of public administration and public policy leading to the Master of Arts (M.A.) in Public Administration, the graduate Diploma in Public Administration (D.P.A.), and the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Public Policy. These programs are designed both for individuals who wish to work in the public sector or in public policy related careers, and for those who are already doing so but who wish to broaden or strengthen their conceptual and technical skills.

The M.A. program provides an advanced understanding of public policy development, public management and policy implementation. The program offers a choice of four areas of concentration: Policy Analysis; Public Management; Innovation, Science and Environment; and International and Development. The International and Development Concentration is offered in co-operation with the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs. The D.P.A. enables students, particularly professionals with work experience in the public sector, to develop knowledge and skills in several specialized areas of public policy, administration and management. The D.P.A. program offers specializations in: Policy and Program Evaluation; Public Management; Sustainable Development; and Health Policy. The Ph.D. program involves the intensive study of the formation and evolution of public policy in Canada and, from a comparative perspective, in countries of the OECD.

Each of these graduate programs is described in detail below. Further information and application packages can be obtained from the School's Web site (carleton.ca/sppa) or by contacting the School of Public Policy and Administration.

Master of Arts

The overall objective of the M.A. program is to provide individuals with a balanced conceptual and technical ability to understand and contribute to policy development, public management, and policy implementation, through study and through co-operative education in the public sector.

Under this objective, the Policy Analysis Concentration provides an advanced understanding of approaches to policy analysis in a variety of disciplines, with insights drawn from economics, political science and the policy sciences broadly understood, in Canadian and comparative perspective.

The Public Management Concentration provides an advanced understanding of the institutions and practices of modern states. This includes theoretical and technical approaches to accountability, leadership, implementation and evaluation, fiscal control, ethics, and organizational development and analysis.

The Innovation, Science and Environment Concentration provides an advanced understanding of the problems and opportunities that confront governments, firms and society in making and implementing innovation, science and environment policies in an increasingly knowledge and information-based economy and society.

The International and Development Concentration provides an advanced understanding of the problems and opportunities confronting citizens, national administrative systems and policy makers in different types of economies in an increasingly integrated and competitive world.

These overall and particular objectives are consistent with the School's view of what is fundamental to education in the field of public administration. This view is:

• that democratic ideals and practices are central to government and to the public sector broadly defined;
• that a balance of conceptual and technical skills is needed to understand the linked activities of policy development (how and why policy is made), public management (how the public sector is structured, staffed and resourced) and policy implementation (how policy intentions are carried out, including the grievances and appeals of citizens and clients);
• that these advanced conceptual and technical skills come from exposure to a variety of academic disciplines; and
• that professional education in public administration and policy analysis requires a balance of theory and practice.

The relevance of this view has been borne out by the success of graduates of the School who now work in many areas of the public sector and in public policy related careers in Canada and internationally.

A co-op option is available to full-time students in the M.A. program. Students admitted to this option must satisfactorily complete at least two work terms in order to graduate with a co-op designation on their transcripts and diplomas. These work terms are four months in duration and locate students in government departments or other organizations in order to work at a junior officer level. They provide students with opportunities to integrate the theoretical and practical aspects of public administration. During a work term, students will register in one of the co-op work term courses: PADM 5301, PADM 5302, or PADM 5303. While on a work term, students are limited to an additional 0.5 credit course. It should be noted that most co-op positions in the federal public service are restricted to Canadian citizens.

Program Schedules

The M.A. program may be taken under three schedules: full-time, part-time or a mixture of the two. The full-time schedule enables students to complete the program in two years (four or five academic terms). For students who wish to study part-time or a combination of full and part-time, courses are regularly scheduled in evening sections and during the summer.

Admission Requirements

The SPPA requires higher English language assessment test scores than the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research. The Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research requirements may be found in Section 3.6 of the General Regulations of this Calendar.

Students whose first language is not English, or who have not completed a previous degree at an English speaking university, must demonstrate an adequate command of English by attaining, at least, a TOEFL score of 237 CBT (computer-based test) or 580 (written); or 86 IBT overall with a minimum score in each component of: writing: 22; speaking: 22; reading: 20; and listening: 20, or a CAEL score of 70, or an IELTS score of 7.0.

Applicants must have a bachelor's degree (or equivalent). Normally, an average of B+ or higher is required for admission. The level of academic performance and potential demonstrated within the degree is more important than the discipline. Indeed, students enter the program from a wide variety of academic backgrounds in the social sciences, humanities, sciences and engineering. The School also considers mid-career applicants who do not have a bachelor's degree, but who have demonstrated professional excellence over a number of years of work in the public sector.

All applicants must have completed a university course covering micro- and macroeconomic theory (ECON 1000 or the equivalent) and a relevant undergraduate political science course (0.5 credit), with a grade of B- or higher. A working knowledge of algebra is expected.

In some cases, applicants may be admitted to the program despite not having completed one of these pre-requisite courses in economics or political science, upon the condition that the course be completed (with a grade of B- or higher) in the first year of the program. Students will not be allowed to proceed with a core or optional concentration course before having completed the required prerequisite with a grade of B- or higher. It is therefore strongly recommended that students complete the prerequisites before starting the program.

Note that, because of the number of applications received, possession of these admission requirements does not, in itself, guarantee admission to the program.

Application forms and instructions may be downloaded from www.carleton.ca/sppa or obtained from the School of Public Policy and Administration.

Program Requirements

The M.A. in Public Administration is a 7.5- credit program. Students must complete:

1. 3.5 credits of core courses;

2. 2.0 credits from courses in one of the four Concentrations offered by the School; and

3. 2.0 other approved credits.

The seven core courses are listed under A, below. Full-time students are normally expected to complete these core courses during their first two semesters of study. Part-time students are normally expected to complete the core courses before proceeding to the remainder of the program.

The courses for the four concentrations are listed below under B, below.

With respect to obtaining the remaining 2.0 credits, students may select: additional courses in their chosen concentration; and/or options listed under other concentrations; and/or (with the approval of the M.A. Supervisor) graduate courses in other units. Credits may also be earned by completion of a research essay (1.0 credit), a thesis (2.0 credits), or by taking courses from the School's Ph.D. program (with approval of the M.A. Supervisor).

All students will graduate with at least one area of concentration, but students may structure their program to complete the requirements (at least 2.0 credits) for a second concentration. In this case, each course may count towards only one concentration.

Advanced Standing

Upon admission, students may receive advanced standing with transfer of credit for up to 3.0 credits. Advanced standing will be considered only for core courses. Advanced standing will be determined on an individual basis in consultation with the M.A. Supervisor and the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research and pursuant to Section 6.1 of the General Regulations section of this Calendar. In general, a grade of B+ or higher is necessary in the equivalent courses in order to receive advanced standing.

Students are required to take the following courses:

A. Core Courses

PADM 5111 Microeconomics for Policy Analysis
PADM 5112 Macroeconomics for Policy Analysis
PADM 5113 Research Methods and Design I
PADM 5114 Research Methods and Design II
PADM 5115 Introduction to State and Society
PADM 5116 Policy Analysis and Contemporary Governance
PADM 5117 Public Management

B. Concentrations

To receive credit for a concentration, students must complete at least four of the courses (2.0 credits) listed as options for that concentration. A course cross-listed between concentrations qualifies for either concentration but may count toward only one of them.

Policy Analysis Concentration

The Policy Analysis Concentration includes courses that focus on the theory, methods, or practice of policy analysis as well as courses that focus on specific policy fields. The courses are grouped into these two categories to give students guidance about the goals of the courses.

Students are required to take 2.0 credits selected from the courses listed below:

Theory, Methods and Policy Processes
PADM 5211 Intergovernmental Relations (cross-listed with Public Management)
PADM 5212 Civil Society and Public Policy
PADM 5213 Gender and Public Policy (cross-listed with International and Development)
PADM 5214 Budgetary Policy in the Public Sector
PADM 5215 Benefit-Cost Analysis (cross- listed with Public Management)
PADM 5216 Economic Models of Politics and Public Policy
PADM 5217 Applied Microeconomic Policy Analysis
PADM 5218 Analysis of Socio-economic Data
PADM 5219 Advanced Statistical Policy Analysis
PADM 5420 Policy and Program Evaluation in Government (cross-listed with Public Management)

Field Courses
PADM 5220 Regulation and Public Policy (cross-listed with Innovation, Science and Environment)
PADM 5221 Health Policy in Canada
PADM 5222 Economics and Health Policy
PADM 5223 Canadian Economic Policy
PADM 5224 Aboriginal Policy
PADM 5225 Trade Policy (cross-listed with International and Development)
PADM 5226 Tax Policy
PADM 5227 Education Policy
PADM 5228 Social Policy
PADM 5229 The Health of Populations
PADM 5272 Policy Seminar (Policy Analysis Concentration)
PADM 5291 Directed Study (Policy Analysis Concentration)
PADM 5616 Environmental Policy (cross-listed with Innovation, Science and Environment)
Other courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

Public Management Concentration

Students are required to take 2.0 credits selected from:

PADM 5411 Organization Theory
PADM 5412 Ethics and Accountability in the Public Sector
PADM 5413 Law of Public Authorities I
PADM 5414 Law of Public Authorities II
PADM 5415 Strategic Management in the Public Sector
PADM 5416 Budgetary Management for the Public Sector
PADM 5417 Principles of Finance
PADM 5418 Human Resources Management
PADM 5419 Industrial Relations and Public Sector Collective Bargaining
PADM 5420 Policy and Program Evaluation (cross-listed with Policy Analysis)
PADM 5421 Globalizing Public Management (cross-listed with International and Development)
PADM 5422 Urban and Local Government
PADM 5423 Third Sector Governance and Management
PADM 5424 Evaluation Cases and Applications
PADM 5472 Policy Seminar (Public Management Concentration)
PADM 5491 Directed Study (Public Management Concentration)
PADM 5211 Intergovernmental Relations (cross-listed with Policy Analysis)
PADM 5215 Benefit-Cost Analysis (cross-listed with Policy Analysis)
PADM 5814 Program and Project Management (cross-listed with International and Development)
Other courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor

Innovation, Science and Environment Concentration

Students are required to take 2.0 credits selected from:

PADM 5611 Science and Technology Policies
PADM 5612 Industrial Policy, Innovation and Sustainable Production
PADM 5613 Science, Risk and Evaluation
PADM 5614 Natural Resource Management
PADM 5615 Sustainable Energy Policy
PADM 5616 Environmental Policy (cross-listed with Policy Analysis)
PADM 5617 Implementing Sustainable Development in Industrialized Countries
PADM 5618 Environmental and Ecological Economics
PADM 5619 Urban Sustainability
PADM 5620 The Science, Politics and Economics of Global Climate Change
PADM 5672 Policy Seminar (Innovation, Science and Environment Concentration)
PADM 5691 Directed Study (Innovation, Science and Environment Concentration)
PADM 5220 Regulation and Public Policy (cross-listed with Policy Analysis)
Other courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

International and Development Concentration

Students are required to take 2.0 credits selected from:

PADM 5811 The International Policy Framework
PADM 5812 Governance in Developing Countries
PADM 5813 The Evolution of World Bank/IMF Policy Conditionality
PADM 5814 Program and Project Management (cross-listed with Public Management)
PADM 5815 Civil Society Organizations and Development
PADM 5816 Program Evaluation in Developing Countries
PADM 5817 Health Policy in Developing Countries
PADM 5872 Policy Seminar (International and Development Concentration)
PADM 5891 Directed Study (International and Development Concentration)
PADM 5213 Gender and Public Policy (cross-listed with Policy Analysis Development)
PADM 5225 Trade Policy (cross-listed with Policy Analysis)
PADM 5421 Globalizing Public Management (cross-listed with Public Management)
INAF 5007 Theories of Development and Underdevelopment
INAF 5008 Economic Development Policy and Planning
Other courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

French Language Proficiency

There is no formal second language requirement as part of the M.A. but students planning careers in the Government of Canada are strongly encouraged to develop facility with French. The School provides access to courses in French for the Public Service on a non-credit basis (these courses do not count towards the degree). Students should consult the school's website regularly for the availability of these courses.

Academic Standing

A grade of B- or higher must normally be obtained in each course credited towards the M.A. degree. A candidate may, with the recommendation of the M.A. Supervisor and the approval of the Dean of the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, be allowed a grade of C+ in courses totaling 1.0 credit.

Graduate Diploma in Public Administration (D.P.A.)

The D.P.A. is intended to serve the needs for continuous learning for public servants and other professionals who seek to strengthen or broaden their conceptual and technical skills in public administration and policy analysis. Students enter the program with widely varying backgrounds, including those who already have advanced degrees in other fields but who wish to increase their knowledge and skills in one of four areas of specialization relevant to the public sector.

The D.P.A. offers four specializations: Policy and Program Evaluation; Public Management; Sustainable Development; and Health Policy. The three-credit program is designed to be completed in two years while working full-time, although students may take the program on either a part-time or full-time basis.

Admission Requirements

Applicants must have a bachelor's degree (or equivalent). Normally, an average of B+ or higher is required for admission. All applicants must have completed a relevant undergraduate political science course (0.5 credit), with a grade of B- or higher. Several years of relevant professional experience in the public sector may be considered as equivalent to this prerequisite. Students taking PADM 5111 or PADM 5112 must have an undergraduate university course covering micro and macro- economic theory equivalent (ECON 1000 or the equivalent).

Note that students in the D.P.A. are not eligible to receive financial assistance.

Program Requirements

The D.P.A. comprises 3.0 credits. The composition of the required and optional courses varies by specialization, as outlined below. All students are required to obtain a grade of B- or higher in each course in the program.

Policy and Program Evaluation Specialization

The Policy and Program Evaluation specialization is a three-credit program. Students must complete:

Requirements

Students are required to take the following courses:

PADM 5113 Research Methods and Design I
PADM 5114 Research Methods and Design II
PADM 5420 Policy and Program Evaluation
PADM 5424 Evaluation Cases and Applications

Students are required to take 1.0 credit selected from:

PADM 5116 Policy Analysis and Contemporary Governance
PADM 5117 Public Management
PADM 5215 Benefit-Cost Analysis
PADM 5218 Analysis of Socio-economic Data
PADM 5219 Advanced Statistical Policy Analysis
PADM 5217 Applied Microeconomic Policy Analysis
PADM 5213 Gender and Public Policy
PADM 5220 Regulation and Public Policy
PADM 5415 Strategic Management in the Public Sector
PADM 5416 Budgetary Management in the Public Sector
PADM 5613 Science, Risk and Evaluation
PADM 5812 Governance in Developing Countries
PADM 5814 Program and Project Management
PADM 5816 Program Evaluation in Developing Countries
PADM 5272 Policy Seminar (Policy Analysis)
PADM 5472 Policy Seminar (Public Management)
Other PADM courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

Public Management Specialization

The Public Management specialization is a 3.0 credit program. Students must complete:

1. 0.5 credit required course;

2. 2.5 credits from courses listed below.

Requirements

Students are required to take the following course:

PADM 5117 Public Management

Students are required to take 2.5 credits selected from:

PADM 5411 Organization Theory
PADM 5412 Ethics and Accountability in the Public Sector
PADM 5413 Law of Public Authorities I
PADM 5414 Law of Public Authorities II
PADM 5415 Strategic Management in the Public Sector
PADM 5416 Budgetary Management for the Public Sector
PADM 5417 Principles of Finance
PADM 5418 Human Resources Management
PADM 5419 Industrial Relations and Public Sector Collective Bargaining
PADM 5420 Policy and Program Evaluation
PADM 5421 Globalizing Public Management
PADM 5422 Urban and Local Government
PADM 5423 Third Sector Governance and Management
PADM 5472 Policy Seminar (Public Management)
Other PADM courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

Sustainable Development Specialization

The Sustainable Development specialization is a 3.0 credit program. Students must complete:

1. 0.5 credit required course;

2. 2.5 credits from courses listed below.

Requirements

Students are required to take the following courses:

PADM 5112 Macroeconomics and Public Policy

Students are required to take 2.5 credits selected from:

PADM 5611 Science and Technology Policies
PADM 5612 Industrial Policy, Innovation and Sustainable Production
PADM 5613 Science, Risk and Evaluation
PADM 5614 Natural Resource Management
PADM 5615 Sustainable Energy Policy
PADM 5616 Environmental Policy
PADM 5617 Implementing Sustainable Development in Industrialized Countries
PADM 5618 Environmental and Ecological Economics
PADM 5619 Urban Sustainability
PADM 5620 The Science, Politics and Economics of Global Climate Change
PADM 5220 Regulation and Public Policy
PADM 5272 Policy Seminar (ISE concentration
Other PADM courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

Health Policy Specialization

The Health Policy specialization is a three-credit program. Students must complete:

1. 1.0 credit required course;

2. 1.5 credits from courses listed below;

3. 0.5 credit selected from other PADM courses as approved by the M.A. Supervisor.

Requirements

Students are required to take the following courses:

PADM 5116 Policy Analysis and Contemporary Governance
PADM 5111 Microeconomics for Policy Analysis

Students are required to take 1.5 credits selected from:

PADM 5221 Health Policy in Canada
PADM 5222 Economics and Health Policy
PADM 5229 The Health of Populations
PADM 5817 Health Policy in Developing Countries

Academic Standing

All candidates are required to obtain a grade of B- or higher in each course in the program. A candidate may, with the recommendation of the School and the approval of the Dean of the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, be allowed one grade of C+.

Doctor of Philosophy

The doctoral program in public policy has two primary objectives:

• to contribute to the advancement of research and teaching of public policy by drawing on various theoretical frameworks, multi-disciplinary perspectives, and applied methodologies
• to develop scholars and researchers for positions in universities, private research institutions, and various other public and private organizations

The Ph.D. focuses on the study of public policy, including its formation, evolution and implementation.  The primary focus is on Canada in an international or comparative context. Canadian, European, and other international students interested in research with an explicitly international and comparative perspective will also find the program conducive to their work, depending on the field of specialization chosen.

A distinguishing feature of the School of Public Policy and Administration is the presence of faculty who strive to integrate political science and economics in their research and teaching. The Ph.D. program is to a considerable extent based on the view that political economy is essential to an understanding of the public sector. It is also based on the view that such multi-disciplinary perspectives are  essential to an understanding of the public sector.

Degree Schedule

The program consists of three academic terms of course work plus preparation and completion of one comprehensive examination, and a doctoral thesis. The Ph.D. program in Public Policy normally will be undertaken on a full-time basis; however, in cases of exceptional merit, the School may accept a few candidates for the degree on a part-time basis.

Admission Requirements

Admission will be judged primarily on the applicant's ability to conduct advanced research and to complete the program successfully. Applications should contain at least one essay or paper at the M.A. level written by the applicant, as well as a statement of research interests and potential thesis  topics. Enrolment is limited and possession of the minimum requirements does not, in itself, guarantee acceptance. To be eligible for financial assistance, application for admission for the fall term must be completed no later than March 1.

Admission requires completion of an M.A. degree in any of public administration, political science, economics, political economy, business administration, law, or similar degree with first class standing (A- average or higher in their M.A. work).

Students are advised that a working knowledge of basic calculus is required for completion of the program. Assistance in acquiring these skills is provided by the program. Students requiring additional assistance should consult the Ph.D. Co-ordinator.

Applicants must also successfully complete prerequisites in statistics, political science, and economics as described in detail below. These prerequisites may be satisfied by the completion of appropriate course work at the intermediate undergraduate level or higher in each of the subjects listed.

Prerequisites in political science, economics and statistics must be completed prior to entry. Completed courses in political science should be approximately equivalent to PADM 5115 or PADM 5116. With permission of the Ph.D. Supervisor, this requirement may be done, as a directed study in the summer, prior to registration in the program, under the supervision of faculty in the School. Completed courses in economics should be approximately equivalent to PADM 5111. Equivalent courses may be taken at most universities throughout the academic year. Completed course in statistics should be approximately equivalent to PADM 5114. Applicants should seek advice from the Supervisor of the Ph.D. program about whether particular courses are acceptable as prerequisites.

All applicants whose first language is not English will be required to obtain an overall score of 70 or over on the Canadian Academic English Language Assessment with a minimum score of 70 for the writing section, or a TOEFL score of 250 computer-based.

Advanced Standing

Advanced standing will not normally be granted for any of the required courses described below. If granted, advanced standing will be limited to 1.0 credit.

Program Requirements

The program consists of the following elements:

• 3.5 credits of course work;
• Preparation for and writing of one comprehensive examination, normally written in the summer term of the first year;
• Public defence of a written thesis proposal;
• A thesis equivalent to 6.5 credits;
• A language requirement.

Course Components

Courses will normally be taken in the first year. Students in the doctoral program are required to complete the following:

• Four 0.5 credits: PADM 6111, PADM 6112, PADM  6113, PADM 6114. A GPA of 9.0 (B+) or better overall must be obtained in these courses before proceeding to the comprehensive examination.
• 0.5 credit Doctoral Seminar: PADM 6200;
• 1.0 credit that constitutes one area of specialization beyond the public policy foundations covered in the core courses. These courses will be chosen by the student after consultation with, and approval by, the student's academic supervisor and the Ph.D. Co-ordinator. The fields of specialization are: Public Management; Political Economy; Innovation, Science, and Environment; Health and Social Policy; and International and Development Policy.

These courses will normally be graduate courses offered by the School or by the Departments of Political Science and Economics, or directed studies (PADM 6901 and PADM 6902). However, other courses may be approved. Doctoral students taking courses at the master's level will be subject to enhanced course requirements. When necessary, students must arrange formal approval from the relevant department for admission to courses.

Comprehensive Examinations

Students will write a general comprehensive examination, normally in the summer term of the first year. This examination will focus on the area of specialization they chose in conjunction with the two elective courses. In addition to those courses, each comprehensive examination will have a supplementary reading list. At the discretion of the examining board, a candidate whose performance is not fully satisfactory may be asked to take an oral examination or a second written examination.

Thesis

Following the successful completion of the comprehensive examinations, students will prepare a formal thesis proposal under a committee composed of the supervisor and two other faculty members. The thesis supervisor will normally be a faculty member from the School of Public Policy and Administration. Under normal circumstances, the proposal must be defended by the end of the fall term of the second year of full-time registration. The thesis must demonstrate an advanced ability to integrate the politics and economics of public policy. The thesis must be defended at an oral examination.

Language Requirement

Students will be required to demonstrate a reading knowledge of French. Another language may be substituted for French, if it is essential for the thesis.

Collaborative Ph.D. with a Specialization in Political Economy

The School of Public Policy and Administration and the Institute of Political Economy offer a Collaborative Program in Political Economy at the Ph.D. level. For further details, see the Institute of Political Economy's Collaborative Ph.D. with a Specialization in Political Economy section of this Calendar.

Graduate Courses

Not all of the following courses are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings and to determine the term of offering, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca

PADM 5111 [0.5 credit]

Microeconomics for Policy Analysis

Key concepts in microeconomic theory and their application to public policy. Topics may include incentives, rational choice theory, market structure, welfare economics, and strategic behaviour.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5203

Prerequisite: ECON 1000 or equivalent.

PADM 5112 [0.5 credit]

Macroeconomics and Public Policy

Macroeconomic policy analysis. Theoretical foundations and current policy debates concerning economic growth and sustainable development, globalization and the open economy, stabilization policy, and fiscal and monetary policy are analyzed in the Canadian and international context.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5202.

Prerequisite: ECON 1000 or equivalent.

PADM 5113 [0.5 credit]

Research Methods and Design I

Methods used in qualitative policy research. Topics may include the formulation of research problems, research design and techniques for collecting and managing evidence, and the role of qualitative research in the analysis of public policies and programs.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5603.

PADM 5114 [0.5 credit]

Research Methods and Design II

Descriptive statistics, probability theory and sampling distributions, hypothesis testing of quantitative and qualitative population parameters, and regression analysis.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5501.

PADM 5115 [0.5 credit]

Introduction to State and Society

Classic and contemporary debates about the relationship between the state, society, and economy. The development of the state, and changing conceptions of citizenship, democracy, and nationalism as well as the state's role in the post-WWII international order and the challenges of globalization.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5607.

Prerequisite: PSCI 2003 or equivalent.

PADM 5116 [0.5 credit]

Policy Analysis and Contemporary Governance

Policy analysis and policy processes, emphasizing the contemporary context and challenges facing decision makers. Selected policy issues.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5608.

Prerequisite: PSCI 1000 or equivalent.

PADM 5117 [0.5 credit]

Public Management

Principles and processes of public-sector management as they function through cabinet-parliamentary government, federalism, the public service bureaucracy and the judiciary. Institutional reforms and changes in the philosophy of public sector management.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5000.

PADM 5211 [0.5 credit]

Intergovernmental Relations

Major cost-sharing and fiscal transfer agreements. The intergovernmental mechanisms for policy and administrative coordination in selected policy fields.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5003.

PADM 5212 [0.5 credit]

Civil Society and Public Policy

The influence of various interests, social movements, voluntary organizations and citizens in the policy process in a Canadian and comparative context.

PADM 5213 [0.5 credit]

Gender and Public Policy

The impact of public policy on gender relations and how gender relations shape policy. Topics covered may include gender inequalities in earnings and employment, macroeconomic policy, gender and development, and gender-based analysis.
Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4213, for which additional credit is precluded.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 4701 and PADM 5701.

PADM 5214 [0.5 credit]

Budgetary Policy in the Public Sector

Selected aspects of the expenditure and revenue budget and budgetary process at all levels of government. Critical review of actual budgets and budgetary processes.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5203.

Prerequisites: PADM 5111 and PADM 5116.

PADM 5215 [0.5 credit]

Benefit-Cost Analysis

Benefit-cost analysis and its application to public-sector investment, pricing policy, discount rates, marginal cost and shadow pricing, and the handling of risk and uncertainty.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5200.

Prerequisite: PADM 5111.

PADM 5216 [0.5 credit]

Economic Models of Politics and Public Policy

Microfoundations of collective action, majority rule, political institutions and bureaucracy. Applications to various issues in Canadian and international public policy.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5609.

Prerequisite: PADM 5111.

PADM 5217 [0.5 credit]

Applied Microeconomic Policy Analysis

Microeconomic theory applied to public policy problems and issues.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5204.

Prerequisite: PADM 5111.

PADM 5218 [0.5 credit]

Analysis of Socio-economic Data

Correlation and regression analyses to test hypotheses about the relationships between socio-economic variables.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5502.

Prerequisite: PADM 5113 and PADM 5114.

PADM 5219 [0.5 credit]

Advanced Statistical Policy Analysis

Econometric research on selected policy issues using selected econometric techniques.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5705.

Prerequisite: PADM 5218 or equivalent.

PADM 5220 [0.5 credit]

Regulation and Public Policy

Political, economic, legal, and organizational theories of regulation in the Canadian and comparative context. Processes and consequences of regulatory practice in selected Canadian public policy fields.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5002.

Prerequisite: PADM 5116.

PADM 5221 [0.5 credit]

Health Policy in Canada

Canadian health policies and programs set in a comparative political-economic and institutional context.
Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4221, for which additional credit is precluded.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 4009 and PADM 5009.

PADM 5222 [0.5 credit]

Economics and Health Policy

This course applies microeconomic theory to a discussion of health policy. Focus on issues of particular interest to a student of Canadian health care policy.

Prerequisite: PADM 5111.

PADM 5223 [0.5 credit]

Canadian Economic Policy

Overview of Canadian economic development and how it has been affected by governments. Topics may be drawn from monetary, fiscal, industrial, trade, labour market or competition policies, viewed in contemporary and historical contexts.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 5205.

Prerequisites: PADM 5111 and PADM 5112.

PADM 5224 [0.5 credit]

Aboriginal Policy

Canadian policies and programs on aboriginal peoples and aboriginal peoples' own policies as nations set in a comparative political-economic and institutional context.
Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4224, for which additional credit is precluded.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 4806 and PADM 5806.

PADM 5225 [0.5 credit]

Trade Policy

Canadian multilateral and regional trade policies and programs set in a comparative political-economic and institutional context.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 4807 and PADM 5807.

Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4225, for which additional credit is precluded.

PADM 5226 [0.5 credit]

Tax Policy

Canadian tax policies set in a comparative political-economic and institutional context.
Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4226, for which additional credit is precluded.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 4509 and PADM 5509.

PADM 5227 [0.5 credit]

Education Policy

Canadian policies and programs on education set in a comparative political-economic and institutional context.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 4809 and PADM 5809.

Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4227, for which additional credit is precluded.

PADM 5228 [0.5 credit]

Social Policy

The nature and historical development of social programs in capitalist countries, with particular focus on Canada. The course will concentrate on developing a critical understanding of the social forces shaping these programs.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 4604 and PADM 5604.

Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4228, for which additional credit is precluded.

PADM 5229 [0.5 credit]

The Health of Populations

Assessment of the medical model, and perspectives on the social and economic determinants of health, population health, and community health. The health of particular groups in Canada (e.g., women, Aboriginal peoples). International comparisons will be made.

PADM 5272 [0.5 credit]

Policy Seminar (Policy Analysis Concentration)

One or more selected policy areas or specialized aspects of policy analysis. The policy field or topic will change each year.

PADM 5291 [0.5 credit]

Directed Studies (Policy Analysis Concentration)

A tutorial or directed reading course on selected subjects related to policy analysis.

PADM 5301

Co-operative Work Term

Prerequisites: registration in the Co-operative Education Option of the M.A. program and permission of the Co-op Supervisor.

PADM 5302

Co-operative Work Term

Prerequisites: Registration in the Co-operative Education Option of the M.A. program and permission of the Co-op Supervisor.

PADM 5303

Co-operative Work Term

Prerequisites: Registration in the Co-operative Education Option of the M.A. program and permission of the Co-op Supervisor.

PADM 5411 [0.5 credit]

Organization Theory

Focusing on major theoretical approaches to organizations, the course develops practical insights into issues such as organizational design, leadership, technology, culture and diversity, motivation and power. It applies these insights to organizations in both the public and private sectors in a variety of national contexts.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5300.

PADM 5412 [0.5 credit]

Ethics and Accountability in the Public Sector

Philosophy, principles and values that have shaped Canada's framework of public sector ethics and accountability. The relationship between ethics, accountability and good governance and the reforms designed to limit unethical behaviour and strengthen accountability.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 4703.

PADM 5413 [0.5 credit]

Law of Public Authorities I

The legal environment of Canadian public administration, Canadian law, institutions and processes. Canadian legal history, adversarial adjudicative procedures, delegation of powers to public authorities, procedural justice in government decision making, and controls on public authorities and enforcement of ethics.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5306.

PADM 5414 [0.5 credit]

Law of Public Authorities II

Characteristics and selected problems of control of administrative action. Topics may include: varieties of constitutional, legal and judicial control, impact of the Charter, reforms to administrative law control systems in Canada, and comparisons with developments outside Canada.
Precludes additional credit for LAWS 4507 and PADM 5307.

Prerequisite: PADM 5413.

PADM 5415 [0.5 credit]

Strategic Management in the Public Sector

Key concepts, principles and tools of strategic management, and their use in planning and policy implementation in the public sector. Reviews critical perspectives and cases in order to identify some of the limitations of strategic management.

Prerequisite: PADM 5117.

PADM 5416 [0.5 credit]

Budgetary Management for the Public Sector

Theory and practice of budgeting in the public sector. From a management perspective, the course focuses on the objectives, methods and systems for the control and reporting of expenditures.

PADM 5417 [0.5 credit]

Principles of Finance

The use of financial assets to obtain funds, evaluative criteria to compare alternative uses of funds, and derivative contracts to manage risk. Public sector applications of these practices are emphasized.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5101.

PADM 5418 [0.5 credit]

Human Resources Management

The field of human resources management including the roles of human resource departments, employee motivation, staffing, compensation, benefits, training and development and employee relations.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5801.

PADM 5419 [0.5 credit]

Industrial Relations and Public Sector Collective Bargaining

The basic concepts of industrial relations, with respect to both public and private sector employees and organizations.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5804.

PADM 5420 [0.5 credit]

Policy and Program Evaluation

Selected concepts, issues, and processes in applied governmental planning and evaluation, utilizing both Canadian and comparative experiences.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5602.

PADM 5421 [0.5 credit]

Globalizing Public Management

Public sector reform has swept the developed and developing world in the last two decades. The dynamics of this global movement, the models exported and adopted, and the success and failure of these exports.

Prerequisite: PADM 5117.

PADM 5422 [0.5 credit]

Urban and Local Government

The role of municipal government in the context of Canadian federalism. Current economic, political and social trends affecting Canada's major urban centres including growth, amalgamation, fiscal reform, immigration, housing, community engagement, and sustainable development.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5106.

PADM 5423 [0.5 credit]

Third Sector Governance and Management

Governance and management of voluntary/nonprofit organizations and their role in democracy, public policy, and service delivery.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5109.

PADM 5424 [0.5 credit]

Evaluation Cases and Applications

Selected case studies in the development, design, management and implementation of policy and program evaluation.

Prerequisite: PADM 5420.

PADM 5472 [0.5 credit]

Policy Seminar (Public Management Concentration)

One or more selected policy areas or specialized aspects of public management. The policy field or topic will change each year.

PADM 5491 [0.5 credit]

Directed Studies (Public Management Concentration)

A tutorial or directed reading course on selected subjects related to public management.

PADM 5611 [0.5 credit]

Science and Technology Policies

Theory and practice regarding governmental policies for science and technology, and the use of scientific knowledge in the policy and regulatory processes of government. Concerns regarding the ethical issues and the transparency of science in government.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5400.

PADM 5612 [0.5 credit]

Industrial Policy, Innovation and Sustainable Production

Sustainable production theory and key drivers, barriers and opportunities influencing innovation in industrial systems and processes. The relationship of public policies and industry practices are explored in a number of sectors.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 4600 and PADM 5600.

Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as PADM 4612, for which additional credit is precluded.

PADM 5614 [0.5 credit]

Natural Resource Management

Governance and management of natural resources from a Canadian and international perspective. The use of various management instruments, regulatory approaches and community-based and co-management institutions are evaluated with evidence from several case studies from around the world.

PADM 5615 [0.5 credit]

Sustainable Energy Policy

Sustainable energy policy in the Canadian context. Themes may include: continental energy markets, de-regulation, environmental issues and climate change, and policy issues related to specific energy sectors including oil and gas, nuclear, electricity, and new renewables.

PADM 5616 [0.5 credit]

Environmental Policy

Canadian environmental policies and programs set in a comparative political-economic and institutional context.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 4008 and PADM 5008.

PADM 5617 [0.5 credit]

Implementing Sustainable Development in Industrialized Countries

Genesis and evolution of the idea of sustainable development and the ways in which it is influencing public policy and public sector structures and processes. Canada's performance in implementing sustainable development will be assessed in comparison with other industrialized countries.

PADM 5618 [0.5 credit]

Environmental and Ecological Economics

Environmental and ecological economics with applications to public policy and environmental management issues. Concepts of sustainability, non-market valuation and ecological stability, the determination of environmental targets, and the use of policy instruments, incentives and emissions markets.

Prerequisite: PADM 5111.

PADM 5619 [0.5 credit]

Urban Sustainability

Impact of economic growth and social change on cities and their attempts to forge sustainable growth. Incorporating political and fiscal issues, the focus is on 'smart growth' policies and initiatives in areas such as environmental control, transport, land use, housing and infrastructure.

PADM 5620 [0.5 credit]

The Science, Politics and Economics of Global Climate Change

Scientific issues at the core of climate change and the domestic and international policy responses. Various environmental, economic, and political implications for both the developed and developing worlds and for the various regions of Canada.

PADM 5672 [0.5 credit]

Policy Seminar (Innovation, Science and Environment Concentration)

One or more selected policy areas and topics related to innovation, science and environment. The topic will change each year.

PADM 5691 [0.5 credit]

Directed Studies (Innovation, Science and Environment Concentration)

A tutorial or directed reading course on selected subjects related to innovation, science and the environment.

PADM 5811 [0.5 credit]

The International Policy Framework

The evolution of the main international rules and institutions governing the economic relationships among nation states, with emphasis on the changing roles of the Bretton Woods institutions (IMF, World Bank, GATT/ WTO).

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5001.

PADM 5812 [0.5 credit]

Governance in Developing Countries

The roles of the state and civil society in the governance of developing countries in the context of public sector reform and globalization.

PADM 5813 [0.5 credit]

The Evolution of World Bank/IMF Policy Conditionality

The changing nature of World Bank/IMF policy conditionality with emphasis on the period since the onset of the 1982 debt crisis.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5808.

PADM 5814 [0.5 credit]

Program and Project Management

The context, critical issues and methods relating to the planning and implementation of development programs and projects.

Precludes additional credit for PADM 5107.

PADM 5815 [0.5 credit]

Civil Society Organizations and Development

The context, roles, structures and strategies of nongovernmental organizations in the development process at the global, national and local levels. The role of development aid and NGOs is considered.

PADM 5816 [0.5 credit]

Program Evaluation in Developing Countries

The context, critical issues and methods relating to the evaluation of development interventions.

PADM 5817 [0.5 credit]

Health Policy in Developing Countries

Debates regarding health policy in the developing world, in the context of the global health sector reform movement, trade and intellectual property regimes, and strategies of corporate and NGO actors. Issues of gender, class and the determinants of health.

PADM 5872 [0.5 credit]

Policy Seminar (International and Development Concentration)

One or more selected policy areas and topics related to policy and administration in the international and development context. The topic will change each year.

PADM 5891 [0.5 credit]

Directed Studies (International and Development Concentration)

A tutorial or directed reading course on selected subjects related to international and development issues.

PADM 5908 [[1.0 credit]

Research Essay

PADM 5909 [2.0 credits]

M.A. Thesis

PADM 6111 [0.5 credit]

Markets, Prices and Government

The contributions and limitations of microeconomic theory for analyzing the behaviour of public and private decision makers. Issues include different forms of market failure, and different understandings of the appropriate role of government in addressing them.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 6008 and PADM 6102.

PADM 6112 [0.5 credit]

Policy Institutions and Processes

Economic and political science approaches to the role of ideas, interests and institutions in the public policy process and instrument choice. Topics may include policy paradigms and political culture, interest groups, theories of state formation, behaviour of bureaucracies and legislative institutions.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 6005, PADM 6007 and PADM 6105.

PADM 6113 [0.5 credit]

Public Policy Analysis

The application of economic and political science approaches to public policy analysis in Canadian and comparative settings. The policy fields examined may include social welfare and labour market policy, tax and trade policy, science policy and environment policy.
Precludes additional credit for PADM 6004, PADM 6009 and PADM 6106.

PADM 6114 [0.5 credit]

Foundations of Policy Analysis

Assessment and comparison of key theoretical traditions in explaining and analyzing public policy.

PADM 6200 [0.5 credit]

Doctoral Research Seminar

Issues in developing research proposals and conducting public policy research; includes research presentations by senior doctoral students and faculty. Required for second-year doctoral students who present their thesis proposals. Issues surrounding quantitative or qualitative methods in public policy analysis may be discussed. Graded Pass/Fail.

PADM 6901 [0.5 credit]

Ph.D. Specialization Tutorial

A Ph.D. tutorial covering advanced theory and research in an area of specialization generally related to public policy. Specific topics will be selected in consultation with, and must be approved by, the academic supervisor and Ph.D. co-ordinator.

PADM 6902 [0.5 credit]

Ph.D. Specialization Tutorial

A Ph.D. tutorial covering advanced theory and research in an area of specialization generally related to public policy. Specific topics will be selected in consultation with, and must be approved by, the academic supervisor and Ph.D. co-ordinator.

PADM 6909 [6.5 credits]

Ph.D. Thesis

Students will normally be supervised by faculty in the School of Public Administration but may also seek supervision from faculty in other social sciences departments, schools, and institutes.