Graduate Calendar Archives: 1999 / 2000

The Department offers programs leading to the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees. Graduate study and research may be undertaken in the fields of political theory, Canadian government and politics, comparative government and politics, international relations, and public administration and policy analysis. Within these fields, students may select more specialized areas, such as classical, medieval, and modern, or analytic and empirical theory; comparative government and politics of a particular area or group of countries where the Department has developed particular strength.

In the Department and the self-standing schools and institutes, Carleton University houses one of the three largest concentrations in Canada of well-known political science professionals. In this configuration, the Department is unique in offering the full range of fields that make up modern political science, and is thus well placed to develop critical and analytical skills in its degree candidates, as the range of perspectives, priorities, and methodologies in contemporary political theory and political studies in general are brought into close relation with one another.

The Department is committed to the view that the goal of studying politics is to continue and further the search for the meaning and the morality of public life (community) by historical, critical, empirical, and analytical means. A community's politics and its public policy describe the extent of political community that is aspired to, and which can feasibly be accomplished given the context of power relations in the international and domestic institutional and economic conjunctures. The Department exists to continue the discussions that run through the history of the study of politics about what is good, and how to maintain the autonomy of the sphere of the public and the political in the face of multiple challenges, which now include citizen apathy and economic forces that escape states. Students emerge with minds trained to identify, weigh, and sift ideals and evidence, using the full range of methodologies, and also with a grounding in the politics of areas and institutional configurations. They are also equipped for one of the most important roles in human life: that of citizen.

Qualifying-Year Program

Applicants who have a general (3-year) B.A. in Political Science, with second-class standing, may be considered for admission to a qualifying-year program. Candidates who complete the qualifying year with high honours standing may be considered for admission to the master's program the following year.

Refer to the General Regulations section of this Calendar for details of the regulations governing the qualifying year.

Master of Arts

Admission Requirements

The normal requirement for admission to the master's program is B.A.(Honours) (or the equivalent) in Political Science, with at least high honours standing.

Honours graduates in fields other than political science will be considered on the basis of their academic background and standing, and will be judged on a case-by-case basis. Those with only minor deficiencies may be required to take certain specified courses, while others whose degrees are less closely related to political science may be required to register in the qualifying year, at the discretion of the Department. Graduates of three-year programs in political science will be required either to complete the fourth year of an honours degree and reapply, or register in the qualifying year of the M.A. (see above), depending on work completed to date and academic standing.

Program Requirements

All master's candidates will fulfill a 5.0 credit program requiring departmental approval. No more than 1.0 credit may be taken at the 400-level. It is anticipated that candidates will enter with both political theory and research methods in their backgrounds. In cases where this is not so, candidates will, with the advice of the Department, select suitable courses as part of their programs.

All candidates, in consultation with the Department, will pursue their degree either by course work only or by undertaking an independent research project. The independent research project can be fulfilled in one of two ways: a 1.0 credit research paper on a topic related to at least one of the courses taken, that may represent a significant development of one or more papers submitted in fulfillment of course requirements; or a 2.0 credit thesis.

Details of defences for the above M.A. options are outlined in the section on defences.

Students who choose to specialize in Canadian government and politics must demonstrate a reading knowledge of French, except where a degree of proficiency in another language makes more sense in relation to the student's program of studies.

Students whose mother tongue is other than English and who do not intend to specialize in Canadian politics, or students whose research interests require another language or another research skill such as methods, may obtain permission from the Department to substitute another language or a research skill for French. Departmental language tests are administered twice a year.

The language requirement may also be satisfied by passing an approved language course with a grade of B- or better.

Course Requirements

All master's candidates are required to take an approved methods course. Students who have not already taken a course in research design and methods at the undergraduate level may be required, depending on the course pattern chosen, to take Political Science 47.570. When appropriate and related significantly to the program of study, another methods course, such as Political Science 47.534, 47.571, 47.572, or 47.573, may be substituted.

Candidates will follow one of three program patterns:

* 5.0 credits in approved courses

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) and 4.0 credits in courses

* Thesis (2.0 credits) and 3.0 credits in courses

Students following one of the M.A. study themes will follow one of two program patterns:

* 5.0 credits in approved courses

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) and 4.0 credits in courses

All students will receive faculty assistance in building their programs. General M.A. students will compose their own programs with the assistance of their faculty adviser and the graduate supervisor. Students pursuing a the matic option will choose a number of courses from among those listed annually, posted by June each year. Students following themes of study will receive approval for their plans of study from the faculty coordinator for that theme and the graduate supervisor.

Master's students are asked to note that the Department has considerable strength in Canadian government and politics. Students opting to concentrate on Canada will be given assistance to develop their own program of study in this area.

Study Themes

The Department draws to the attention of students the possibility of pursuing planned themes or special topics of study that draw systematically from the department's range of courses and expertise across two or more of the traditional fields of political science, and also opens the possibility of pursuing, depending upon prerequisites and with the permission of the academic units concerned, planned streams of course work across other departments, schools, and institutes of the University.

Themes include:

* Public affairs and policy analysis, with emphasis on quantitative analysis of public opinion, media impacts on policy, and on policy outcomes

* A political theory concentration that focuses on contemporary problems of modernity including the challenge that technology presents to the state

* North American community studies, with an emphasis on political institutions and how trade instruments affect domestic and regional politics

* European politics, which treats political integration and transitions in both western and eastern Europe

* Global politics and society

* Critical and analytical approaches to development in regard to selected geographical areas

* Government and institutions, at whose centre is an exploration of the role of the state and the importance of institutional provisions

Students pursuing a thematic option are required to meet the general program requirements for the M.A. degree. The course requirements that characterize each theme of study are listed below following the general theme description. The balance between core and optional courses differs across themes. In all cases where courses are taken outside the Department, students must have the prerequisites or obtain permission of the instructor of the course in question.

Public Affairs and Policy Analysis

This theme of study focuses on theoretical and practical analysis of the policy process, including the design, management, communication, and analysis of all aspects of policy, with particular emphasis on quantitative analysis of public opinion, media impacts on policy, and policy outcomes.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(s)

* Political Science 47.647

* Political Science 47.648

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic appropriate to the theme; and/or

* Approved course options

Political Theory: Modernity, Technology, and the Common Good

This theme explores ethical and analytical concepts for the evaluation of contemporary political practice, including legitimacy, civic virtue, and human rights. Its central topics include the critique of modernity; global technology; the communitarian-liberalism debate; alternative understandings of the common good; and the competing claims of charity and justice. Its approaches include hermeneutics, phenomenology, postmodernism, critical theory, democratic theory, and political culture and myth.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(s)

* Political Science 47.630 and 47.631

* At least 1.0 credit from a list of courses approved annually for the core

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic approporate to the theme; and/or

* Approved course options

North American Government and Community Studies

This theme of study focuses on the politics and the integrative/disintegrative forces operating among the countries of North America: the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Students will explore issues relevant to the political association of these states in the North

American political community from a variety of perspectives, including structures, political economy, the domestic politics of the play ers, and the international relations within the zone.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(s)

* At least 1.0 credit from a list of courses approved annually for the core

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic appropriate to the theme; and/or

* Approved course options

European Politics

The theme focuses on the end-of-century transitions of European politics, encompassing political integration through the European Union and the transition from communism in Eastern Europe, Central Europe, and Russia.

These changes have called into question conventional thinking about market reform, democratization, and the role of the state. Because these shifts and transformations have created an environment in which European political issues have become both more continental in scope and more comparable, students opting for this scheme can pursue a course of study encompassing both Western and Eastern Europe.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(s)

* At least 1.5 credits from a list of courses approved annually for the core

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic appropriate to the theme; and/or

* Approved course options

Development Politics

This theme features topical, critical, and analytical approaches to development. Students will explore the political economy of development and underdevelopment, democratization and the elaboration of "civil society", the politics of aid-giving and receiving, and the role of non-governmental organizations. Approved options include courses that focus on regions, including Africa, Latin America, and the post-communist countries, as well as Canada.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(a)

* At least 1.5 credits from a list of courses approved annually for the core

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic appropriate to the theme;

and/or

* Approved course options in area or regional studies

Global Politics and Society

This theme focuses on two related themes: the politics of global society, and Canada and the world. Students will explore the ways in which the process of globalization, conceived as the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole, accelerated by the political and economic collapse of the communist bloc and the integration of its successor states into the world economy, has altered the international economic and political orders. The second theme, Canada and the world, is designed to enable students to explore the implications of this globalization process for the future of Canada.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(s)

* At least 1.5 credits from a list of courses approved annually for the core

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic appropriate to the theme;

and/or

* Approved course options

Government and Institutions

The "government" theme of study is concentrated upon state institutions, taking up recent debates about the effectiveness of various kinds of regimes and institutional and rule structures, the role that such structures play in promoting or resisting change, and the changes in the reach and autonomy of politics and the state itself amid fiscal crises and other challenges. Within the theme, students can choose to centre their options on Canada, or they may pursue comparative (area, regional) studies.

Students must normally complete a total of 5.0 credits consisting of:

* Approved methods course(s)

* At least 1.0 credit on state institutions, governance, and the issue of how much room is left for politics in different economic environments, from among courses approved annually for the core

* At least 1.0 credit drawn from a list of courses approved annually whose emphasis is on re gime types and the configuration of representative institutions, including the place of bureaucracy, and organizations

* Research Essay (1.0 credit) on a topic appropriate to the theme;

and/or

* Approved course options

Defences

In the case of the student choosing a research essay, that essay will be evaluated by two of the Department's faculty members including the supervisor and a second reader, and a letter grade will be assigned. An oral defence of the essay is not required but may be requested by the supervisor or second reader.

In the case of the student choosing a thesis, the thesis will be evaluated by three people: the student's thesis supervisor from the Department, a second reader from the Department, and an external third reader who is generally from another Carleton Department but may sometimes come from outside the University. A thesis must be defended orally before the three evaluators. No letter grade is assigned, but notations of Pass with Distinction, Satisfactory, and Unsatisfactory are assigned.

Academic Standing

All master's candidates must obtain a B standing or better (GPA 8.0). One grade of C+ may be allowed.

Cooperative Placements

Cooperative placements may be available to persons eligible to work in Canada who are full-time students. These placements locate students for at least one term in government departments or non-governmental organizations, and integrate the theoretical and practical aspects of Political Science. Placements are not for academic credit; however, with the approval of the Supervisor of Graduate Studies, a placement may be combined with Political Science 47.590 or 47.591.

Doctor of Philosophy

The Ph.D. program in political science normally will be undertaken on a full-time basis. However, in cases of exceptional merit, the Department will accept a few candidates for the degree on a part-time basis.

Admission Requirements

The normal requirement for admission to the Ph.D. program is a master's degree (or its equivalent) in political science with high honours standing or better. Applicants should note, however, that meeting the admission requirement does not guarantee admission to the program. Review of the department's competitive selection process indicates that students with a GPA below 10.0 (A-) in the master's program are generally not recommended for admission to the doctoral program. Students applying on the basis of a master's degree from other disciplines will be considered on a case-by-case basis, and may be required to take additional courses as part of the program.

Program Requirements

The normal program requirements for Ph.D. candidates are outlined in the General Regulations section of this Calendar.

It is anticipated that Ph.D. candidates will enter with a background in political theory at the undergraduate level, regardless of their desired field of specialization. Those who do not will be treated as special cases and will have their programs arranged accordingly. If statistical proficiency is needed for the preparation of the thesis, students will also be expected to take a course in research methods. Candidates are also expected to demonstrate proficiency in a second language or in research methods. All candidates will complete 47.696.

The program requirements (10.0 credits unless additional course work is required) for Ph.D. candidates in Political Science are the following:

* At least 1.0 credit at the graduate level in each of the candidate's two major fields of study; a GPA of 9.0 or better must be obtained in these courses for students to be allowed to proceed to the comprehensive examinations.

* Satisfactory completion of Political Science 47.690 (1.0 credit), preparation for a written comprehensive examination covering the two major fields. The grade to be awarded will be that obtained on the field examinations, normally written in two parts with one week between the parts, on two occasions each year, April and August.

* Proficiency in a research skill, as outlined under research skill requirement

* At least 1.0 credit will normally be taken during the second year of the program in fields allied to the major topics of the thesis. This credit will normally be fulfilled through regular course work rather than tutorials.

* Successful completion of Political Science 47.696 (1.0 credit)

* A public defence, in English, of a written thesis proposal

* A 5.0 credit thesis, written in English or French, which will be defended in English at an oral examination.

Full-time students are required to complete the comprehensive examinations within 12 months of entering the program, and must normally complete the public defence of the thesis proposal, preceded by its formal acceptance by the supervisory committee, within 24 months of entering the doctoral program.

Ph.D. candidates will each be assigned a faculty member to advise them on their studies. Students' programs, including the choice of supervisor and the thesis committee, must be approved by the Department. The thesis supervisor will normally be chosen from among faculty members in the Department of Political Science. Upon approval of the thesis supervisor and the Department, committee members may be chosen from elsewhere within the University.

Research Skill Requirement

Ph.D. candidates must demonstrate the ability to use a research skill appropriate to their program. The research skill requirement will normally be satisfied before the defence of the thesis proposal, and will take one of the following forms:

* An ability to read and translate French or another language appropriate to their course of study; or the ability to speak a language other than English sufficient to conduct interviews in that language

* Credit work in an approved political science methods course, workshop, or colloquium, equivalent to 1.0 credit; or any two of the following courses (or an approved alternative): Political Science 47.570, 47.571, 47.572, and 47.573.

Comprehensive Examinations

All Ph.D. candidates must successfully complete a written comprehensive examination covering their two major fields. The examination is in the form of two examination papers normally written one week apart. At the discretion of the Department, candidates may be required to take an oral examination following the written examination.

The fields of study for the Ph.D. comprehensive examination are to be chosen from the following list:

Political Theory

A general knowledge of the main outlines and significant themes and problems of political philosophy and thought.

Canadian Government and Politics

A general knowledge of Canadian political ideas, institutions, and processes.

Comparative Government and Politics

A general knowledge of the theories and methodology of comparative politics.

International Relations

A general knowledge of international theory, international organization, and the development of the field of international relations.

Public Administration and Policy Analysis

A general knowledge of theories of bureaucracy, organization, and public administration; and theory, practice, and methods of analysis in public affairs and public policy within and outside Canada.

Thesis Proposal

All students must publicly defend a thesis proposal after completing their comprehensive examinations. Full-time students must complete this requirement within the first two years of registration in the program. Details on this program requirement are provided in Departmental Guidelines for the Graduate Program.

Selection of Courses

Within the scope of the regulations, the following undergraduate courses (fully described in the Undergraduate Calendar) may be taken by graduate students.

Please note that not all of these courses are offered every year. Students should consult the timetable published each year in early June.

Political Science

47.400 Topics in Canadian Government and Politics

47.402 Policy Seminar: Problems of Northern Development

47.403 Politics and the Media

47.405 Stability, Justice and Federalism

47.406 Legislative Process in Canada

47.407 The Politics of Law Enforcement in Canada

47.408 National Security and Intelligence in the Modern State

47.409 Quebec Politics

47.410 Canadian and Comparative Local Government and Politics

47.411 French-English Relations

47.412 Politics of Western Liberal Democracies

47.413 The State in Advanced Capitalist Societies

47.414 Theory and Practice in Third World Development

47.415 Selected Problems in Third World Development

47.416 Labour and the Canadian State

47.417 Political Participation in Canada

47.418 Canadian Provincial Government and Politics

47.419 The Politics of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

47.420 Policy Making in the United States

47.421 Politics of Influence in the United States

47.422 Comparative Constitutional Politics

47.431 Marxist Thought

47.432 Contemporary Marxism

47.435 Contemporary Political Theory

47.436 Concepts of Political Community I

47.437 Concepts of Political Community II

47.441 Business-Government Relations in Canada

47.448 Public Organizations: Theory and Practice

47.450 Feminist Political Analysis in Comparative Perspective

47.455 Transitions to Democracy

47.460 Analysis of International Politics

47.461 Foreign Policies of Soviet Successor States

47.463 Analysis of International Political Economy

47.464 Selected Problems in International Political Economy

47.466 American Foreign Policy

47.467 International Politics of North America

47.482 International Politics of Africa

47.483 Foreign Policies of Major East Asian Powers

47.484 International Relations of South and South-East Asia

Students are encouraged to look for courses within Carleton in the Departments of Economics, Geography, History, Law, Philosophy, and Sociology and Anthropology; the Schools of Business, Journalism and Communication, Public Administration, and the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs; and in the Institutes of European and Russian Studies, and Political Economy. They are equally strongly encouraged to look for courses in the Departments of Political Science and Philosophy at the University of Ottawa.

All courses selected will be subject to the approval of the Department, on grounds of appropriateness to the program of study and the avoidance of excessive overlap between courses.

Graduate Courses

Not all of the following courses are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings for 1999-2000, please consult the Registration Instructions and Class Schedule booklet published in the summer.

F,W,S indicates term of offering. Courses offered in the fall and winter are followed by T. The number following the letter indicates the credit weight of the course: 1 denotes 0.5 credit, 2 denotes 1.0 credit, etc.

Enrolment in graduate courses requires the permission of the Department, through the supervisor of graduate studies.

Political Science 47.500F1 or W1

Canadian Political Institutions

A seminar on selected topics on institutions of Canadian government at the federal level. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.400, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political 47.502F1 or W1

Political Law: Principles

An examination of the legal framework of the state, and the various types of instruments of government. It treats the way law makes its impact upon decision-making, with a particular focus on the influence of law on policy, administrative action, and political life.

Political Science 47.503F1 or W1

Political Parties in Canada

A seminar on political parties and party systems in Canadian federal politics, including an examination of patterns of historical development, party organization and finance, relationships with social movements, and the impact of Canadian federalism.

Political Science 47.506F1 or W1

Topics in Canadian Government and Politics

Depending on student demand and faculty interest, a seminar will be offered on the challenges offered by citizens, politicians and governments in Canada.

Political Science 47.507F1 or W1

Topics in Canadian Politics and Government in Comparative Perspective

Depending on student demand and faculty interest, a seminar will be offered on topics in Canadian politics and government within a comparative perspective, the various countries being considered chosen on the basis of the issue at hand.

Political Science 47.508F1 or W1

The Politics of Energy and the Environment

A research seminar focusing upon the substantive issues, the policy structures and processes, and current Canadian governmental response in the area of energy policy and environmental quality management.

Political Science 47.509F1 or W1

Canadian Political Economy

A seminar on political economy as a traditional and contemporary approach to the study of Canadian politics and the Canadian state. Canada's economic development, social relations (including gender and race relations), and position in the international political economy is explored.

Political Science 47.510F1 or W1

Indigenous Politics of North America

Examines issues of governance regarding the original peoples of Canada, Mexico and the United States before and since the European invasion, including: movement for restoration of cultural, socio-economic, political, land and self-government rights. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.426, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.511F1 or W1

Canadian Federalism

A study of the evolution and contemporary operation of the Canadian federal system, noting particularly the specific social, political, economic, and structural features which underlie its operational performance, its resilience in crisis, and its potential for adaptation.

Political Science 47.514F1 or W1

The Transition from Communism

An in-depth investigation of the problems of transition in post-communist societies.

Political Science 47.515F1 or W1

Post-Communist Politics in East Central Europe

A comparative examination of the emergence of post-communist political systems in East Central Europe.

Political Science 47.516F1 or W1

Selected Problems in the Politics of Soviet Successor States

A seminar on selected problems of nation-building in Russia, Ukraine, and other Soviet successor states.

Political Science 47.517F1 or W1

Globalization, Adjustment and Democracy in Africa

This course will explore the nature of global pressures in Africa as states go through a "second wind" of political and economic change. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.427, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.518F1 or W1

State, Revolution and Reform

The dynamics of political change and economic growth in non-Western states, emphasizing challenges to dominant patterns of policy-making with a view of exploring alternate modes of modernity.

Political Science 47.519F1 or W1

Comparative Public Policy

A review of approaches to the study of policy, of the impact of political factors on policy, and of the substance of policy choices in such domestic fields as communications, social security, health, industrial and rural development policies in selected countries.

Political Science 47.520F1 or W1

Nationalism

A seminar on the historical and comparative study of nationalism, with emphasis on its role in the promotion of political change.

Political Science 47.521F1 or W1

Politics in Plural Societies

A seminar on politics in multicultural societies and multi-national states, including settler and post-colonial societies. Topics may include: conflict relating to race, religion, language, regionalism, intra-state nationalism, multicultural policies and theories of pluralism.

Political Science 47.522F1 or W1

Politics of Third World Development

A seminar examining the politics of development and underdevelopment in the Third World. Topics covered include theory, selected issues, and case studies from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Political Science 47.523F1 or W1

Southern Africa in the Post-Apartheid Era

This course will explore the pathology of apartheid, the reasons for its end, and prospects for democratization and development in southern Africa in the era of globalization. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.423, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.524F1 or W1

Elections

The conduct and meaning of elections in contemporary states. Attention to the connection of elections to concepts of representation, policy mandates, and political parties, and to electoral systems and referenda. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.424«, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.525F1 or W1

Problems in American Government I

A research seminar on topics such as the distribution of power, decision-making processes, the impact of technology, strains in intergovernmental relations, civil-military relations, governmental news management and secrecy; executive accountability, and impediments to reform of Congress and the presidency.

Political Science 47.526F1 or W1

Problems in American Government II

A research seminar on topics such as political violence and social change, the roles of mass media, business élite roles, political corruption, civil rights and minority politics, and the urban crisis.

Political Science 47.531F1 or W1

Modern Political Culture and Ideology

This seminar explores certain connections among image, symbol, myth, language, and politics. Topics include the expressive and designative conceptions of language; myth, metaphor and the foundations of civic life; rhetoric and the sensus communis; romanticism and nationalism; myth in democratic and totalitarian politics; and the structure of political culture.

Political Science 47.532F1 or W1

Democratic Theories

Analysis of various theories of democracy and community, from classical to modern.

Political Science 47.534F1 or W1

Political Inquiry

This seminar focuses on the major approaches to research in political areas as discussed in contemporary philosophy of the social sciences, exploring the variety of explanatory strategies in use in the contemporary study of politics.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.570.

Political Science 47.536F1 or W1

North American Political Traditions

A seminar on the interpretations that may include American, Mexican, anglo-Canadian and franco-Canadian political traditions.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.535.

Political Science 47.537F1 or W1

Political Thought in North America

Depending on student demand and faculty interest, a tutorial will be offered in topics related to the development of contemporary political thinking, including some more descriptive and contemporary topics such as the impact of religion and religiosity in political thought and culture.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.535.

Political Science 47.538F1 or W1

Concepts of Political Community I

A critical survey of concepts of political community, including the common good, justice, citizenship, statesmanship, democracy, and legitimacy, from ancient, modern, and contemporary political theory.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.436 .

Political Science 47.539F1 or W1

Concepts of Political Community II

A continued critical survey of concepts of political community, including the common good, justice, citizenship, statesmanship, democracy, and legitimacy, from ancient, modern, and contemporary political theory.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.437 .

Prerequisite: Political Science 47.538 or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.541F1 or W1

Canadian Public Administration and Policy Analysis

The theory and practice of public administration in Canada, with emphasis on the federal level, including the role of the bureaucracy in policy making.

Political Science 47.544F1 or W1

Public Administration in Developed Western Countries

A seminar in comparative public administration, with emphasis on Commonwealth countries, the United States, France, and West Germany.

Political Science 47.545F1 or W1

Public Administration in Developing Countries

A seminar on the literature and characteristics of development administration; comparison by region, country, and topic.

Political Science 47.546F1 or W1

Topics in Public Affairs

A seminar on selected topics in the role and impact of media, issues in public affairs and public policy.

Political Science 47.549F1 or W1

Research Seminar in Public Administration

The content of this seminar will vary from year to year according to faculty research interests and student demand.

Political Science 47.551S1

Selected Issues in Political Economy I

A research seminar exploring a selected topic of current research having a political economy perspective, such as power and stratification; dynamics of state action; contrasting views on administration as an instrument of political economy; culture, ideology, and social relations; and the labour process.

(Also listed as Political Economy 44.551 and Sociology 53.544)

Political Science 47.552S1

Selected Issues in Political Economy II

Political Science 47.553F1 or W1

Topics in West European Politics

This course is designed to deal intensively with domestic politics in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and selected minor European powers.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.550.

Political Science 47.554F1 or W1

Topics in West European Politics

This course is designed to deal intensively with comparative and supra-national issues concerning the European Community, NATO, and other Western European institutions.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.550.

Political Science 47.555F1 or W1

Topics in Comparative Politics I

A research seminar dealing with a central theme of current research in comparative politics, such as: the effects of state policy and expenditure; technology and politics; political psychology; sex/gender and politics; the military and politics; Marxism and politics; religion and politics; studies in revolution; comparative parties and interest groups.

Political Science 47.556F1 or W1

Sex/Gender and Politics

Examines selected sex/gender dimensions of politics in comparative perspective. Topics may include: gendered nature of authority, sex/gender regimes and state forms; feminist accounts of citizenship, representation, power and democracy; women's movements and anti-feminist movements; identity politics; gendered accounts of nationalism and multiculturalism.

Political Science 47.557F1 or W1

Social Movements, Interests and the State: Canada in Comparative Perspective

This course examines major theoretical approaches to state-society relations in industrialized countries with particular attention to the role of social movements and organized interests. The theoretical approaches used to interpret and explain particular national outcomes include pluralism, neo-marxism, institutionalism, rational choice and post-modernism.

Political Science 47.559F1 or W1

Governing in the Global Economy

The course examines how national states respond to challenges of governing in an increasingly interdependent global economy. The course will be comparative in its focus, emphasizing advanced industrial societies primarily in western Europe and Canada.

Political Science 47.561F1 or W1

Analysis of Canadian Foreign Policy

A research seminar on contemporary Canadian external policies, with emphasis on the analysis of cases and issues, and comparisons with other national actors.

Political Science 47.567F1 or W1

International Politics of North America

An examination of continentalism in Canadian foreign policy during the twentieth century that charts regional, economic, political, and defence relations in North America. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.467, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.570F1 or W1

Basic Research Methods

A course in applied research design and methodology, with emphasis on empirical research strategies that are amenable to quantification. Master's students who have not completed Political Science 47.270 (or its equivalent) with high honours or better standing may be required to take this course.

Political Science 47.571F1 or W1

Intermediate Polimetrics for Micro Data

This course covers intermediate research de signs and statistical techniques primarily used in analyzing survey data. Selected topics may vary from year to year. Students intending to do research based on micro data are advised to take this course. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.471, for which additional credit is precluded.

Prerequisite: Political Science 47.570 or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.572F1 or W1

Intermediate Polimetrics for Macro Data

This course covers intermediate research designs and statistical techniques primarily used in analyzing macro or aggregate data. Selected topics may vary from year to year. Students intending to do research based on macro data are advised to take this course. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.472 , for which additional credit is precluded.

Prerequisite: Political Science 47.570 or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.573F1 or W1

Advanced Research Methods

A course in advanced techniques of analysis. The focus of this research seminar is the use of various mathematical and statistical techniques in the construction and analysis of political theory. The seminar may include such topics as the translation of verbal theory into formal theory, the use of statistical techniques beyond regression and correlational analysis to examine political hypotheses, and index construction, including scaling and validation techniques.

Prerequisite: Political Science 47.570 or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.581F1 or W1

Foreign Policies of African States

The foreign policy determinants and international behaviour of African states. Each year, the seminar focuses on a particular issue area.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.582.

Prerequisite: Permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.585F1 or W1

Foreign Policy Analysis

A research seminar dealing with selected problems in the study of foreign policy formulations and outcomes.

Political Science 47.586F1 or W1

Strategic Thought and Issues in International Security

A research seminar on the evolution of classical and contemporary strategic thought, as well as on current issues in international security.

Political Science 47.587F1 or W1

Analysis of International Organizations

A research seminar on process and change in contemporary forms of international organization.

Political Science 47.588F1 or W1

International Political Economy

A seminar on the changing international division of labour, and its consequences for world politics. Topics include differing patterns of industrialization, colonial relations, the role of the state, and current issues in international political economy. (Also listed as International Affairs 46.588)

Prerequisite: Work at a senior undergraduate level in at least two of the following: international relations, development studies, international trade, or political economy ; or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.589F1 or W1

Problems in International Politics

A workshop on significant issues in the study of international politics, with emphasis on the state of the field (and subfields) and problems in research.

Prerequisite: Political Science 47.560, or 47.660 and 47.661, or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.590T2

Tutorial in a Selected Field

Tutorials or reading courses on selected topics may be arranged with the permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.591F1, W1, S1

Tutorial in a Selected Field

Tutorials or reading courses on selected topics may be arranged with the permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.598F2, W2, S2

M.A. Research Essay

Tutorial for students who write a research essay rather than a thesis.

Political Science 47.599F4, W4, S4

M.A. Thesis

Please note that courses numbered 47.600 through 47.661 are open to both M.A. and Ph.D. students.

Political Science 47.600F1

The Political Process in Canada I

An analytical study of the democratic political process, with particular reference to political parties and elections, pressure groups, and political leadership in Canada.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.510.

Political Science 47.601W1

The Political Process in Canada II

An analytical study of the democratic politi cal process, with particular reference to political parties and elections, pressure groups, and political leadership in Canada.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.510.

Political Science 47.615F1

Comparative Politics I

A research seminar dealing with theories, methods, and problems of comparison.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.505.

Political Science 47.616W1

Comparative Politics II

A research seminar dealing with particular themes.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.505.

Political Science 47.630F1

Political Theory I

An intensive examination of the major questions in classical, medieval, modern, and contemporary political philosophy. This political theory course is both historically comprehensive in scope and thematically oriented in depth.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.530.

Political Science 47.631W1

Political Theory II

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.530.

Political Science 47.646F1

Theories of Public Administration

A seminar on theories of bureaucracy, organization, and comparison. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.446 , for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.647W1

Public Policy: Content and Creation

This course provides an opportunity to examine and apply major perspectives on the content and creation of public policy. The focus is on the explanation, prediction and design of policy. Perspectives and examples are drawn from a variety of frameworks and from both Canadian and non-Canadian contexts. Also offered at the undergraduate level, with different requirements, as Political Science 47.447, for which additional credit is precluded.

Political Science 47.648F1 or W1

Public Affairs Management and Analysis

This course examines how public and private sector organizations affect the climate of opinion relating to public policy and how they seek to change citizen behaviour. Topics include public affairs communication, political persuasion, corporate political agency, social marketing, health information campaigns, public affairs and electoral advertising, issue framing, polls, citizen group mobilization, and alliance building.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.448.

Political Science 47.660F1

Theory and Research in International Politics I

An examination of the principal problems in contemporary international relations theory and research, emphasizing the state of the field and current directions in it.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.560.

Political Science 47.661W1

Theory and Research in International Politics II

An examination of the principal problems in contemporary international relations theory and research, emphasizing the state of the field and current directions in it.

Precludes additional credit for Political Science 47.560.

Political Science 47.690F3, W3, S3

Ph.D. Tutorials

Ph.D. tutorials specifically designed as intensive preparation for the major field examinations, under the direction of one or more members of the Department. The grade to be awarded will be that obtained on the field examination.

Political Science 47.691F3, W3, S3

Ph.D. Tutorials

Ph.D. tutorials specifically designed as intensive preparation for the minor field examinations, under the direction of one or more members of the Department. The grade to be awarded will be that obtained on the field examinations.

Political Science 47.692F3, W3, S3

Ph.D. Tutorials

Political Science 47.695F3, W3, S3

Ph.D. Tutorials

Political Science 47.696T2

Thesis Proposal Workshop

Following a survey of general issues and problems in developing research proposals, students will prepare their own thesis proposal. Coordinated by one instructor, but faculty from other fields will also participate. The grade for this course will be Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory.

Prerequisite: Successful completion of comprehensive examinations or permission of the Department.

Political Science 47.699F10, W10, S10

Ph.D. Thesis

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