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Graduate Calendar Archives: 1998 / 1999 |
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The Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience CentreTory
Building 304 The CentreDirector of the Centre, To be announced Established in 1982, the Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, a joint initiative of Carleton University and the University of Ottawa, offers programs leading to the degrees of M.Sc. and Ph.D. in most areas of geoscience. The Centre houses modern instrumental facilities, and research activity includes most areas of earth science. The size of the Centre and its location in the nation’s capital offer unique opportunities for collaborative research over a broad range of disciplines. Of particular note is the Centre’s close collaboration with the Geological Survey of Canada. The campuses are fifteen minutes apart by complimentary inter-university transport and within a short distance of most federal facilities. Graduate students are enrolled in the university where their faculty supervisors hold appointments. Students draw from a program of courses in English or French and may pursue their research in either language. Applications for graduate admission are made to the director of the Centre. The research interests of members of the Centre are listed below. Members of the CentreThe home department of each member is indicated by (CU) for the Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University; (UO) for the Department of Geology, University of Ottawa; (CE) for the Department of Civil Engineering, Carleton University; (PHY) for the Department of Physics, University of Ottawa; (GEOGCU) for the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies at Carleton University; (GEOGUO) for the Department of Geography at the University of Ottawa.
Master of ScienceAdmission RequirementsThe normal requirement for admission to the program is an Honours B.Sc. degree, with at least high honours standing, in geology or a related discipline. Program Requirements
Academic StandingA grade of B– or better must normally be received in each course counted towards the master’s degree. Doctor of PhilosophyAdmission RequirementsThe normal requirement for admission to the Ph.D. Program is an M.Sc. degree in Earth Sciences or a related discipline. Students who show outstanding academic performance and research promise may be permitted to transfer to the Ph.D. program. A student requesting such a transfer must first successfully complete the Ph.D. comprehensive examination and the M.Sc. course requirements. Program Requirements
Residence RequirementThe normal residence requirement for the Ph.D. degree is at least four terms of full-time study. Guidelines for Completion of Master’s and Doctoral DegreesFull-time students enrolled in the 5.0 credit M.Sc. program are expected to complete the program by the end of six terms, and part-time students by the end of six years. A thesis proposal and selection of the thesis committee should be completed by the end of the second term for both Ph.D. and M.Sc. students. Full-time students enrolled in the 10.0 credit Ph.D. program are expected to complete the program by the end of four years, and part-time students by the end of eight years, with the opportunity for extensions upon the recommendation of the supervisor and departmental supervisor of graduate studies. A comprehensive examination for Ph.D. students must be completed by the end of the first year. Directed Studies CoursesDirected studies courses are not permitted as credit toward the graduate degree requirements. Such courses may be taken as extra to the minimum requirements for the M.Sc. or Ph.D. degrees. Graduate CoursesNot all of the following courses are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings for 1998-99, please consult the Registration Instructions and Class Schedule booklet published in the summer. Geology 67.511 (GEO5111) Principles and techniques of X-ray crystallography; interpretation of X-ray photographs and application to the study of minerals. Geology 67.512 (GEO5112) Recent work on structure, chemistry and
interrelationships of igneous and metamorphic rock-forming
minerals. Geology 67.513 (GEO5113) A seminar course reviewing the
applications of mineralogical studies to the petrogenesis of
felsic and mafic plutonic rocks. Topics include: structural state
of feldspar minerals, applications to granitic rocks; chemical
evolution of mica, pyroxene and amphibole minerals in plutonic
bodies; phase relationships; review of the mineralogy of specific
plutonic rock-types (e.g. anorthosites, syenites and
hyperaluminous granites). Geology 67.513 (GEO5713) Un cours ayant pour but d’accentuer la contribution des études minéralogiques détaillées à l’élaboration de la pétrogénèse des roches plutoniques mafiques ou felsiques. Parmi les sujets couverts figurent: la mise en ordre des feldspaths, son évaluation et ses applications à l’étude des granites, l’évolution chimique des micas, pyroxènes et amphiboles, relations de phases ainsi qu’une revue de la minéralogie de suites plutoniques spécifiques telles que les anorthosites, les syénites et les granites hyperalumineux. Geology 67.521 (GEO5121) Concentration on one or more of: origin
and differentiation of basaltic magma; origin of granites;
computer modelling of partial melting and fractional
crystallization; magmatism in time and space. Laboratory and
lecture material linked together in project form. Geology 67.521 (GEO5721) Un cours basé sur un (ou plusieurs) des thèmes suivants: origine et différenciation de magma basaltique; origine de granites; simulation par ordinateur de fusion partielle et cristallisation fractionnée; magmatisme en temps et en espace. Laboratoire et cours qui s’enchainent sous forme d’un projet. Geology 67.522 (GEO5122) The distribution, classification and physical characteristics of volcanos and other volcanic landforms; lava flows, tephra, breccias, and other rocks formed through volcanic activity. Volcanic environments; recognition of ancient volcanic features; case histories. Geology 67.523 (GEO5123) Thermodynamics and kinetics of mineral reactions; metamorphic zones and isograds; mass transfer; regional and global aspects of metamorphism. Geology 67.524 (GEO5124) Relationships of some metallic mineral deposits to igneous rocks; topics range from oxides and sulphides in and around intrusions to stratiform volcanogenic deposits. Course includes a field trip to northern Ontario and Quebec. Geology 67.527 (GEO5127) Lecture, reading and seminar course dealing with the physical processes responsible for generation, ascent, crystallization and cooling of igneous rocks. Topics covered include partial melting in the upper mantle and separation of the liquid; magma properties, structure, viscosity, temperature, density, and heat; magma processes, intrusion, extrusion, diffusion, convection types, assimilation, nucleation, and crystal growth; cooling of magmas, conduction, convection, permeability, vapour phase exsolution, meteoric water, development of spinifex, spherulites. These processes will be related to field examples wherever possible. Geology 67.527 (GEO5727) Les processus responsables directement à la génération, l’ascension, la croissance et le refroidissement des roches ignées seront présentés dans les cours, les colloques et dans la discussion de la littérature récente. Les sujets suivants seront traités; fusion dans le manteau et la séparation du liquide; propriétés des magmas, la structure, la viscosité, la température, la densité et la chaleur; les processus magmatiques, l’intrusion, l’extrusion, la diffusion, la convection, la perméabilité, l’exsolution d’une vapeur, l’eau météorique, le développement de spinifex et les sphérulites. Les processus seront étudiés à l’aide d’exemples de terrain chaque fois que ça sera possible. Geology 67.528 (GEO5128) Ore-forming processes in sediments and
sedimentary rocks. The generation, transport and deposition of
ore elements relative to processes such as redox traps, basin
water expulsion, direct precipitation from seawater, and placer
sedimentation are discussed in seminar format. All major
sedimentary deposit-types are included. Geology 67.530 (GEO5130) Weathering, rivers, ocean and atmosphere, sedimentation and tectonism, basins and their sediments, P-T evolution, compaction, diagenesis, brines and fluid dynamics, mineralization, rock cycle and evolution through geologic time. Geology 67.531 (GEO5131) Selected problems in sedimentary geology, emphasizing sedimentary structures, facies models and diagenesis. The application of modern techniques of stratigraphic, petrologic and statistical analysis. Geology 67.532 (GEO5132) Emphasis on marine fossils as paleoenvironmental indicators: effects of substrate type, energy conditions, light, temperature, biotic associates and other environmental factors on the occurrence and distribution of organisms and their fossil remains. Geology 67.533 (GEO5133) Selected topics in micropaleontology covered in greater detail than in introductory micropaleontology. Areas addressed include the paleoecology, biogeography and biology of foraminifera and other microfossil groups, as well as their application to biostratigraphy and paleo-oceanography. Geology 67.534 (GEO5134) Petroleum, natural gas, coal and unconventional fossil fuels; their origin, occurrence, and evaluation in the light of current geological thought. Geology 67.535 (GEO5135) Lectures and seminars will cover aspects of modern depositional systems, dynamic facies models, sequence stratigraphy, mineralogy, and diagenesis of carbonate sediments. The practical part of the course will consist of a field-laboratory project that integrates various techniques in carbonate sedimentology (mapping, petrography, staining, Cathodoluminescence, fluorescence, SEM) Geology 67.536 (GEO5136) Selected topics in paleobiology of marine fossils. Topics include extinctions, micro- and macro-evolutionary processes, long-term trends and cycles in the Phanerozoic, and functional morphology. Geology 67.538 Development of ocean basins, physical and chemical oceanographic processes, paleoceanographic changes of watermass distribution and circulation patterns, interaction between atmosphere and ocean, marine sedimentation, offshore seismic stratigraphy, marine habitats, marine instrumention. Geology 67.539 (GEO5139) Systematic study of various glacial sedimentary environments and processes, with emphasis on the influence of geological substrate and regional drainage gradient on glacial erosion sediment characteristics and sediment distribution; significance of genesis of glacial sediments for stratigraphic correlations, mineral exploration, interpretation of environmental geochemistry, aggregate evaluation, and hydrogeology. Weekly two-hour lectures supported by slides and extensive video records of glaciers and glacial processes. Local field trips and one weekend field excursion to Quebec to observe interrelationships of sedimentary facies. Geology 67.541 (GEO5141) An examination of groundwater flow in permafrost regions. The importance of groundwater in the formation of various types of ground ice, and the effect of groundwater flow on permafrost distribution. Geology 67.542 (GEO5142) A study-seminar course in which students will examine, in depth, certain environmental problems, including geological hazards, mineral and energy consumption and environmental degradation. The relation between development and the environment will be considered. Students will prepare a report and present a seminar on a subject of their choice, and will participate in a research project centred in the Ottawa area. Geology 67.543 (GEO5143) Stable environmental isotopes (180,
2H, 13C, 34S, 15N) in
studies of groundwater origin and flow, and geothermal studies.
Groundwater dating techniques involving tritium and radio-carbon,
and exotic radioisotopes (e.g., 36Cl, 39Ar,
85Kr). Low temperature aqueous geochemistry and
mineral solubility with emphasis on the carbonate system. Some
application to paleoclimatology will be discussed. Geology 67.544 (GEO5144) Advanced topics in the exploration and
development of groundwater resources, including detailed aquifer
response analysis. Examination of hydrogeology in arid and
undeveloped regions will also be included. Geology 67.545 (GEO5145) A theoretical and applied course
examining sources of groundwater contamination and mechanisms of
transport. Inorganic, radioactive, and organic, biological
contaminant behaviour will be discussed as well as regulations,
monitoring methodologies, aquifer restoration and fundamental
questions of high-level radioactive-waste disposal and municipal
landfills. Geology 67.546 (GEO5146) Application of numerical methods in
hydrogeological problem solving, including a review of governing
equations, initial and boundary conditions, and both finite
element and finite difference methods. Additional topics to be
explored include particle tracking, Laplace and Fourier
transforms, and stochastic methods. Geology 67.547 (GEO5147) Aqueous speciation, solubility of metals, minerals and gas, reaction kinetics and equilibria. Chemistry and dynamics of groundwaters and hydrothermal fluids. Geology 67.548 (GEO5148) Course designed for hydrogeologists and
engineers who want in-depth understanding of the theory of fluid
flow and solute transport through geological materials. Emphasis
on porous media. Topics to be covered: types of fluids and porous
media; saturated, unsaturated, and multi-phase flow; development
of solute transport equations using continuum and stochastic
approaches. One three-hour lecture per week, reading and
problem-solving assignments plus final examination. Geology 67.551 (GEO5151) Problems of Precambrian geology, emphasizing classical and current studies in North America; comparative study of the Canadian Shield and other Precambrian shields; research projects, field trips and petrologic studies of representative rock suites. Geology 67.552 (GEO5152) Origins and development of the principal geological regions of the Canadian Arctic. Emphasis on the Phanerozoic record but other topics or problems may be included. Geology 67.553 (GEO5153) This is a practical course in the application of PC-based geographic information systems to the analysis of regional geoscientific data. Spatial data capture, spatial data structures, spatial data analysis and modelling will be reviewed with reference to applications in mineral exploration, environmental and other problems. Students will undertake assignments and projects involving the use of a PC-based system. Geology 67.557 (GEO5157) Applications of empirical, analytical and quantitative techniques to problems in regional geology and crustal tectonics; orogenic processes; heat and metamorphism; isotopic geochronology as applied to thermal history; derivation and interpretation of P-T-t paths; comparison of modern, Phanerozoic and Precambrian tectonic processes. Geology 67.560 (GEO5160) An investigation of the geochemical constitution of the Earth and how the Earth has evolved. Topics will include meteorites and the early history of the Earth; chemical and isotopic constraints on the geochemical evolution of the crust and mantle; Earth models and their limitations. Geology 67.562 (GEO5162) Application of thermodynamics to geologic problems. Experimental study of mineral equilibria. Geology 67.563 (GEO5163) Mechanisms of isotope fractionation in nature; physical and chemical isotope fractionation, kinetic isotope effects. Variation of stable isotope ratios (hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and sulphur) in nature. Preparation techniques of natural samples for isotope analysis. Applications of stable isotopes to study magma genesis, ore genesis, nature of water and formation fluids and sedimentary environments. Geology 67.566 (GEO5166) Selected topics in applied geochemistry including: biogeochemical exploration; element mobilities in the surface environment; recent developments in data interpretation; quality control of geochemical data. Special attention to the use of geochemical methods for gold exploration and possible applications of stable and radiogenic isotopes to mineral exploration. Geology 67.567 (GEO5167) Liquids, vapours, supercritical fluids as the agents of rock-water interaction and mass transfer in the crust. Phase relations in systems such as NaCl-H2O-CO2 and thermodynamic constraints on geological fluids. Applications to mineral equilibria and the microscopic study of fluid inclusions. Geology 67.568 (GEO5168) Geology of active geothermal systems, generation of hydrothermal fluids, geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids, stability and solubility of minerals in base-metal and precious-metal mineralization, interpretation of fluid inclusion data. Geology 67.569 (GEO5169) Nucleosynthesis; chemical
differentiation of the Earth. Evolution of large scale
reservoirs. Isotopic tracers (143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr,
common Pb). Geochronology; fundamentals and application of Sm/Nd,
Rb/Sr, U/Pb, K/Ar and Lu/Hf methods. Evolution of the solid Earth
from the isotopic perspective. Geology 67.571 (GEO5171) The physics and dynamics of the solid Earth: seismology; gravitational and magnetic fields, thermal state. Geophysical constraints on the structure and composition of the interior. Geodynamic processes. Geology 67.572 (GEO5172) The physics of deformation; continuum mechanics approach (elasticity, strength, plasticity, viscosity), and micro-rheological approach (diffusion, dislocations, and flow mechanisms). Applications to tectonic processes. Geology 67.573 (GEO5173) Selected problems in structural geology treated in seminar and laboratory sessions. Emphasis on interpretation of fabrics developed during synmetamorphic strain. Students investigate and report on individual projects. Geology 67.574 (GEO5174) An investigation of the structural style of mountain belts and their tectonic setting; tectonics of Precambrian deformed belts. Geology 67.575 (GEO5175) An investigation of present day geological processes in a variety of plate boundary and intraplate settings. Topics will include analysis of island arcs, currently active mountain ranges in convergent plate boundary settings, and rift systems in both continental and oceanic settings. Consideration will be given to depositional basins, structure, magmatism, metamorphism and mineralization in these various settings. Geology 67.576 (GEO5176) An overview of rock fabric studies. Specific topics will include shape and lattice-preferred orientations of minerals, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility fabrics, mode of development and evolution of fabrics with progressive deformation, fabric asymmetries, and textural and petrofabric criteria for determination of deformational mechanisms. The course will include a review of measurement techniques (U-stage, X-ray, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, image analysis), and of methods of statistical analysis (vector averaging, pole and inverse pole diagrams, orientation distribution function). Tectonic implications of fabric type distributions and fabric development will be stressed. The relationship between petrofabrics and seismic anisotropy will be discussed. The course may include one or more of the following; student seminars, reports based on bibliographic research or personal research, work on fabric of selected samples. Geology 67.576 (GEO5776) Un regard sur l’étude de la fabrique des roches à l’échelle microscopique. Les sujets abordés comprendront: les orientations préférentielles de résaux et de forme des minéraux, les fabriques d’anisotropie de susceptibilité magnétique, les modes de développement et d’évolution des fabriques lors de la déformation progressive, les asymmétries entre fabriques et sous-fabriques, et les critères pétrographiques pour détermination des mechanismes de déformation. Les techniques de mesure des fabriques (platine universelle, anisotropie de susceptibilité magnétique, rayons-X, analyse d’image) et les méthodes d’analyse statistique des données directionnelles (moyennes vectorielles, projections de pôles, diagrammes de densité, fonction de la distribution des orientations) seront discutées. La signification tectonique du développement et de la distribution spatiale des différents types de fabriques sera mise en évidence. Les relations entre pétrofabrique et anisotropie sismique seront aussi abordées. Ce cours comprendra un ou plus des travaux dirigés suivants: séminaires, rapports écrits basés sur une recherche bibliographique ou basés sur un travail personnel, mesures et analyses des fabriques des échantillons sélectionnés. Geology 67.577F1 or W1 Seismological topics with engineering applications. Characterization of seismicity and seismic sources (areas and faults). Seismic hazard analysis. Empirical and theoretical modeling of strong ground motion in time and frequency domain. Geology 67.581 (GEO5181) The course examines the quantitative measure of texture, and current ideas of pattern formation in the earth sciences. Spatial series, patterns, textures and other distributions are investigated. Pattern formation, self-organization, and rhythmic processes are studied. Geology 67.590 (GEO5190) Directed reading and/or laboratory studies for full-credit course, under the guidance of selected extramural or intramural directors. A written description of the project must be submitted for departmental approval prior to registration. This course does not count for credit toward the graduate degree requirements. Geology 67.591 (GEO5191) Directed reading and/or laboratory studies for half-credit course, under the guidance of selected extramural or intramural directors. A written description of the project must be submitted for departmental approval prior to registration. This course does not count for credit toward the graduate degree requirements. Geology 67.593 (GEO5193) Systematic investigations of geological problems, based on a minimum of fifteen days field work plus related library research and laboratory projects. Written report required. Geology 67.594 (GEO5294) Controversial ideas concerning the Earth and time; historical development of thought on the physical and biological evolution of the Earth. Understanding the stratigraphic column in regard to duration, age and correlation, including evidence from paleontology and sedimentology, particularly gaps in the succession and rhythmic or episodic events. Origin and nature of life; relationship between crustal events and evolution, including extinctions. Concepts and models in geology; responsibility of the geologist to humanity. Half course given during fall and winter terms. Geology 67.599 (GEO7999) A thesis proposal must be approved by the research advisory committee by the end of the first year of registration. Geology 67.699 (GEO9999) A thesis proposal must be approved by the research advisory committee by the end of the first year of registration. The following geography courses are included in the Centre’s program: Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University Geography 45.530W1 Characteristics of soil regimes, particularly in freezing soils, role of soil properties; analytical and numerical methods, including computer simulation. Geography 45.532F1 Instrumental techniques for investigation of hydrological and thermal processes near the Earth’s surface, laboratory instrumentation and analysis of laboratory and field procedures in geotechnical science. Geography 45.533W1 Permafrost, its distribution and significance, seasonal ground freezing, ground thermal regime, physical, thermodynamic, and geotechnical properties of freezing and thawing soils, terrain features ascribable to frost action, and solifluction and patterned ground. Geography 45.534W1 The role of clay minerals in soils will be considered from a geotechnical and/or biological perspective. Geography 45.583F1, W1, S1 Radiometric, geometric and resolution characteristics of remotely sensed data, image processing algorithms, analysis of spectral, textural, and contextual image information, applications in vegetation mapping and environmental analysis. Department of Geography, University of Ottawa: GEG 5101 GEG 5301 Selected topics in the hydrology and geomorphology of cold regions. Emphasis on glacierized, periglacial, or nival environments. This course will alternate with GEG 5701. GEG 5307 Evaluation of the methodology of physical geography. Research and the role of modelling and advanced data analysis in contemporary research. This course will alternate with GEG 5707. GEG 5503 GEG 5701 Thèmes en hydrologie et en géomorphologie des régions froides. Exploration approfondie des environnements glaciaires, périglaciaires ou nivaux. Cours offert en alternance avec GEG 5301. GEG 5707 Évaluation des méthodes de recherche en géographie physique. Rôle de la modélisation et de l’analyse avancée des données dans la recherche contemporaine. Cours offert en alternance avec le GEG 5307. GEG 7103 Theories of environmental change in relation to natural and anthropogenically induced climate change. Techniques used in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. This course will alternate with GEG 7503. GEG 7107 Dynamics of northern ecosystems with particular emphasis on their sensitivity to climate variability and climate change. This course will alternate with GEG 7507. GEG 7301 GEG 7503 Théories des changements environnementaux mises en relation avec les changements climatique d’origine naturelle ou d’origine anthropique. Méthodes utilisées dans la reconstruction paléoenvironnementale. Cours offert en alternance avec GEG 7103. GEG 7507 Dynamique des écosystèmes nordiques en mettant l’accent sur leur sensibilité à la variabilité et au changement climatiques. Cours offert en alternance avec GEG 7107. GEG 7703 GEG 7107 Dynamics of northern ecosystems with particular emphasis on their sensitivity to climate variability and climate change. This course will alternate with GEG 7507. GEG 7301 GEG 7503 Théories des changements environnementaux mises en relation avec les changements climatique d’origine naturelle ou d’origine anthropique. Méthodes utilisées dans la reconstruction paléoenvironnementale. Cours offert en alternance avec GEG 7103. GEG 7507 Dynamique des écosystèmes nordiques en mettant l’accent sur leur sensibilité à la variabilité et au changement climatiques. Cours offert en alternance avec GEG 7107. GEG 7703 |
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