Department of Electronics
Mackenzie Bldg. 417

The Department
  Chair of the Department:
      J.S. Wight
  Departmental Supervisor of Graduate Studies:
      N.G. Tarr

Programs of study and research leading to the master's and Ph.D. degrees in
electrical engineering are offered through the Ottawa-Carleton

Institute for Electrical Engineering. The institute, established in 1983,
combines the resources of Carleton University and the University of Ottawa.
For further information, including admission and program requirements, see
page 119.

The Department of Electronics is concerned with the fields of applied and
physical electronics. Effort is strongest in two broad areas. One of these
encompasses solid-state devices and integrated circuits, the other
communications and microwaves. Specific areas of specialization include:

  Solid State Devices
      Fundamental semiconductor device physics; device design and novel
      device structures; device modeling for CAD; new fabrication processes;
      submicron and quantum effect devices; photovoltaics; semiconductor
      sensors and transducers

  Integrated Circuit Engineering

      Design and development of linear and digital integrated circuits;
      fabrication processes and test techniques; MOS, bipolar and BiCMOS
      ICs; VLSI; computer-aided circuit design

  Analog Signal Processing

      Switched-capacitor filters, transversal filters, operational
      amplifiers and radio frequency functions in analog signal processing
      applications, particularly for integrated circuit realization
      Circuits Active filters; linear and nonlinear circuit design;
      computer-aided circuit design; phase-locked circuits, carriers and
      clock synchronizers; mixers, modulators and demodulators

  Microwave Electronics

      Microwave amplifiers, oscillators, modulators, frequency converters,
      phase-shifters; use of FET and bipolar transistors, Schottky barrier,
      varactor, step recovery and PIN diodes; design using finline,
      microstrip, stripline, coax, and waveguide; monolithic microwave ICs
      in GaAs; miniature hybrid microwave ICs Communications and Radar
      Electronics Circuits for terrestrial and satellite communications;
      circuit implementation of digital modulation techniques; antenna and
      array design; communication channel characterization; optical
      communications circuits; radar transmitter and receiver design

  Biomedical Electronics
      Cochlear prosthesis

  Computer-Aided Circuit Design
      Development of hierarchical simulators for mixed analog/digital
      circuits; analysis and design of switched-capacitor networks; analysis
      and design of high speed circuits; optimization techniques; synthesis
      of VLSI circuits using both algorithmic and knowledge-based
      approaches; analysis and simulations of communications systems links;
      layout synthesis and module generation

  Phototonic Devices
      Waveguides and holographic optical elements for optical interconnects;
      electro-optic modulators and switches; waveguides for sensing
      applications.

NSERC/BNR Chair in CAD

  The joint Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council/Bell Northern
  Research Chairs in Computer-Aided Design are currently held by Dr. Michel
  Nakhla and Dr. Q.J. Zhang. This is part of a planned expansion of the
  department in the area of CAD for VLSI.

Ottawa-Carleton Centre for Communications Research

  The newly formed Ottawa-Carleton Centre for Communications Research
  (OCCCR) is a multidisciplinary interdepartmental research group comprising
  faculty members, full-time research staff, postdoctoral fellows, visiting
  researchers, graduate students, and support staff from both Carleton
  University and the University of Ottawa. It is part of the Centre of
  Excellence "TRIO" (Telecommunications Research Institute of Ontario).
  Current research areas of the centre with major participation from the
  department are: integrated services digital networks, mobile and portable
  wireless networks, and VLSI in communications.

Micronet

  The department is a member, along with seven other Canadian universities
  and several major industrial organizations, of Micronet, the
  federally-sponsored network on Microelectronic Devices, Circuits and
  Systems for ULSI (ultra-large scale integration). Within the department
  Micronet supports research on: device structures, modeling and fabrication
  processes for submicron CMOS and BiCMOS  IC's; high-speed filters, phase
  detectors, A-to-D converters, frequency synthesizers and other circuit
  elements for silicon IC's operating at radio frequencies; analysis and
  optimization of interconnects for high-speed IC's; and automated
  generation of custom cells for VLSI design.

The structure of the courses offered allows a well-integrated master's or
Ph.D. program of study to be chosen appropriately related to the field of
thesis research. Device- and integrated-circuit-oriented courses cover:
fabrication, semiconductor device theory, semiconductor device design,
integrated circuit design and integrated circuit reliability.
Circuit-oriented courses include: signal-processing electronics,
micro-processor electronics, computer-aided circuit design, phase-locked
circuits, filter circuits, RF and microwave circuits, antenna and array
design. Systems-oriented courses cover: optical fiber communications and
radar systems.

Excellent facilities are available for the fabrication of solid state devices
and integrated circuits for research purposes. These include a laboratory in
which all basic processes required in silicon monolithic technology can be
carried out. Among equipment items are modern diffusion furnaces, facilities
for thin-film deposition including a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition
system, an epitaxial reactor, facilities for photolithography and mask
making, plasma etching, thick film deposition, scribing, bonding, and
automatic testing.

The department has excellent computing facilities available for both circuit
design and software development, including facilities for IC design and
layout on the silicon chip, allowing IC fabrication either through the
Canadian Micro-electronics Corporation or in house. The grad-uate CAD
laboratory consists of twenty-five SUN workstations interconnected via
ETHERNET.

Industry standard IC design and layout software such as EDGE, GDT, HSPICE,
SILOS, Verilog and VHDL is available, along with the process and device
simulation tools SUPREM and MINIMOS. The department also has a full COMMON
LISP development system running on the SUN network. Comprehensive test
facilities are available for IC characterization ranging from a Semiconductor
Parameter Analyzer and automated C-V set up to 500 MHz spectrum and network
analyzers. University facilities include interactive time sharing and batch
processing using a Honeywell Level 66 mainframe.

The department's integrated circuits testing instrumentation supports
automated testing for both analog and digital circuit implementations. Low
noise test beds and instruments such as spectrum analyzers, lock-in
amplifier, signal generators, digital data generators and analyzer are linked
together with controlling computers facilitating characterization and testing
of high performance analog and digital circuits.

The department has up-to-date facilities for circuit development and
measurement at frequencies ranging from dc to 22 GHz. There are also
facilities for work at optical frequencies. Thin-film microwave integrated
circuits can be fabricated in house; there is provision for the fabrication
of GaAs MMIC's through foun-dry services. Special purpose microwave equipment
includes automated network analyzers, spectrum analyzers and frequency
synthesizers, and a complete microwave link analyzer. Data generators and
error-detection equipment is available for work on digital communications.
Software, such as SUPERCOMPACT and TOUCHSTONE, is available for the
computer-aided design and layout of microwave integrated circuits.

The research laboratories maintain extensive collaboration with government
and industrial research and development agencies in the Ottawa area.

Graduate Courses

The courses offered by the Department of Electronics are as follows:

* Engineering 97.551F1 (ELG6351)
  Passive Microwave Circuits
  Review of EM theory for guided waves; transmission lines and waveguides.
  Propagation in ferrites. Characteristics of planar transmission lines,
  both single and coupled; stripline, micro-strip, coplanar lines, slotline.
  Representation of discontinuities in transmission lines and wave-guides.
  Scattering-matrix characterization of microwave junctions and
  discontinuities. Micro-wave network analysis. Design theory (including
  CAD), characteristics, and use of microwave components such as impedance
  transformers, filters, hybrids, directional couplers, isolators and
  circulators with particular emphasis on their realization in microwave
  integrated circuits.
  B.A. Syrett.

* Engineering 97.555F1 (ELG6355)
  Passive Circuit Theory
  General description of networks, leading to matrix representation of
  n-terminal lumped and distributed networks. Elements of matrix algebra as
  applied to networks. Properties of network functions; poles and zeros of
  driving point and transfer functions. Foster and Cauer canonic forms.
  Synthesis of lossless two-ports, single and double-terminated. Modern
  filter theory; approx-imation of characteristics by rational functions;
  Butterworth and Chebyshev approximations. General parameter filters;
  graphical design. Elliptic filters, predistortion. Phase response and
  group delay; all-pass and Bessel filters.
  P.D. van der Puije.

* Engineering 97.556 (ELG6356)
  Simulation and Optimization of Electronic Circuits
  Computer simulation and optimization of electronic circuits. Large-scale
  simulation and optimization techniques. Performance driven, cost driven
  and profit driven circuit optimization. Introduction to advanced design
  methodologies: design centering, tolerance analysis, yield maximization,
  postproduction tuning. Systematic formulation of real-world problems into
  optimiza- tion. Model parameter extraction of active and passive devices,
  least pth approximation, decomposition, sensitivity evaluation,
  Monte-Carlo analysis. Efficient cascaded analysis and application to VLSI
  systems. Practical CAD problems and methodology.

Q.J. Zhang.

* Engineering 97.557W1 (ELG6357)
  Active Circuit Theory
  Characterization of negative resistance one-port networks, signal
  generation and amplification. Active two-ports; y, z, h, k, chain and
  scattering parameters. Measurement of two-port parame-ters. Activity and
  passivity; reciprocity, non-reciprocity, and anti-reciprocity. Gyrator as
  a circuit element. Stability, inherent and conditional; power gain of
  conjugate and mismatched two-port amplifiers. Amplifier gain sensitivity.
  Active filter design; gyrator, negative immittance converter (NIC) and
  operational amplifier used as functional elements. Practical realization
  of gyrators and NICs. Active network synthesis.
  Prerequisite: Engineering 97.555 or equivalent.
  P.D. van der Puije.

* Engineering 97.558F1 (ELG6358)
  Computer Methods for Analysis and Design of VLSI Circuits
  This course covers basic principles of CAD tools used for analysis and
  design of VLSI circuits and systems. Formulation of circuit equations.
  Sparse matrix techniques. Frequency and time-domain solutions. MOS and
  Bipolar macromodels. Relaxation techniques and timing analysis. Noise and
  distortion analysis. Transmission line effects in high-speed designs.
  Interconnect analysis and crosstalk simulation. Asymp- totic waveform
  estimation. Mixed frequency/ time domain techniques. Sensitivity analysis
  and its application in optimizing circuit performance.
  M.S. Nakhla.

* Engineering 97.559F1 (ELG6359)
  Integrated Circuit Technology
  Survey of technology used in silicon VLSI inte-grated circuit fabrication.
  Crystal growth and crystal defects, oxidation, diffusion, ion
  implant-ation and annealing, gettering, chemical vapor deposition,
  etching, materials for metallization and contacting, and photolithography.
  Structures and fabrication techniques required for submicron devices.
  Applications in advanced CMOS and BiCMOS processes.
  N.G. Tarr.

* Engineering 97.562W1 (ELG6362)
  Microwave Semiconductor Devices and Applications
  Review of basic semiconductor physics, PN junctions and Schottky barriers.
  Discussion of basic principles of operation, characteristics and
  applications of varactor diodes (tuning, para-metric amplifiers, frequency
  multipliers), p-i-n diodes (switches, limiters, attenuators, phase
  shifters), IMPATT and Gunn diodes (negative resistance amplifiers and
  oscillators), micro-wave bipolar transistors and MESFET's (ampli-fiers and
  oscillators). Design theory (including CAD) of amplifier matching
  networks. Discussion of microwave device/circuit fabrication technology
  (discrete, hybrid, monolithic).
  B.A. Syrett.

* Engineering 97.564W1 (ELG6364)
  Radar Systems
  Fundamentals; range equation, minimum detectable signal, radar
  cross-section, pulse repetition frequency, range ambiguities. Classes of
  Radar; CW, FM-CW, MTI, tracking, air surveillance, SSR, PAR, MLS, SAR,
  SLAR, OTH, 3D and bistatic radars. Radar subsystems; transmitters,
  antennas, receivers, processors, displays, detection criteria; CFAR
  receivers, noise, clutter, precipitation. Waveform design; ambiguity
  functions, pulse compression. Propagation characteristics; Earth's
  curvature, refraction, diffraction, attenuation.
  J.S. Wight.

* Engineering 97.565W1 (ELG6365)
  Optical Fiber Communications
  Transmission characteristics of and design considerations for multi-mode
  and single-mode optical fiber waveguides; materials, structures, and
  device properties of light-emitting diodes and laser light sources;
  photo-diodes, avalanche detectors; repeater design; coupling devices for
  fibers; noise generation and measurements; inter-modu-lation,
  cross-modulation, and non-linearity characterization; analog systems,
  digital systems, system design accounting for component signal
  degradation; data bus systems.
  Mitch Gallant, David Kahn, Jan Glinski and Paul Vella.

* Engineering 97.566F1 (ELG6366)
  Phase-Locked Loops and Receiver Synchronizers
  Phase-locked loops; components, fundamentals, stability, transient
  response, sinusoidal operation, noise performance, tracking, acquisition
  and opti- mization. Receiver synchronizers: carrier synchro-nizers
  including squaring loop, Costas loop, and remodulator for BPSK, QPSK BER
  performance; clock synchronizers including early/late gate,
  inphase/midphase, and delay line multiplier; direct sequence spread
  spectrum code synchro-nizers including single dwell and multiple dwell
  serial PN acquisition, delay locked loop and Tau-Dither loop PN tracking;
  frequency hopped spread spectrum time and frequency synchronization.
  J.S. Wight.

* Engineering 97.567F1 (ELG6367)
  Antennas and Arrays
  Terminology and definitions; radiation patterns, beamwidth, beam
  efficiency, gain, effective area, aperture efficiency, polarization. Basic
  antenna categories; pencil, defocused, split, multiple, shaped, scanning
  beam. Basic antenna types; dipole, horns, paraboloid, offset gridded
  multi-beam, beam-waveguide Cassegrain, Yagi, log-periodic, helix, lens,
  array. Aperture fundamentals: Fourier transform, phase errors, stationary
  phase, Rayleigh range, PWS, Woodward synthesis. Field fundamentals;
  Maxwell's equations, dipoles, radiation and mutual impedance, duality,
  slotted waveguide. Reflector antennas; GO, Fermat's principle, GO
  synthesis, physical optics. Paraboloids, dual-polarised reflector,
  shaping, Cassegrainian feed, profile errors, multi-beam reflectors. Phased
  array fundamentals; space factor and immersed element pattern,
  Z-transform, grating lobe diagram, blind spots, thinned arrays,
  series/corporate/matrix feed, feed systems and phase shifter design.
  P.J. Wood.

* Engineering 97.568 (ELG6368)
  Fourier Optics
  Generalized 2-D Fourier analysis, Fourier-Bessel transforms. Transfer
  function of an optical system. 2-D sampling theory. Scalar diffraction
  theory; Helmholtz equation, Green's theorem, Helmholtz-Kirchoff integral
  equation. Fresnel-Kirchoff and Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction theories.
  Fraunhofer diffraction. The lens as an optical transformer. Optical
  imaging. Tomography with non-diffracting sources; Fourier slice theorem,
  filtered and backprojection algorithm. Tomography with non-diffracting
  sources; Born and Rytov approximations. Bragg cells and their application
  in correlators and spectrum analyzers. Holography, volume holograms,
  computer-generated holograms, optical elements. Analog optical computing;
  photorefractives, spatial light modulators. Holographic memories and data
  storage. Gen-eralized optical processors. Spatial filters; van der Lugt,
  phase-only, and binary phase-only filters. Optical pattern recognition.
  R.G. Harrison.

* Engineering 97.569W1 (ELG6369)
  Nonlinear Microwave Devices and Effects
  Technology of discrete and integrated nonlinear devices and circuits
  (MMICs) up to submilli-meter frequencies. Device modeling: varistor and
  varactor devices including Schottky, tunnel and resonant-tunneling diodes;
  cryogenic devices including Josephson junctions, super-Schottky diodes,
  and SIS quasiparticle tunnel junctions; active devices including GaAs and
  InP MESFETs, HBTs and HEMTs. Gunn and optical effects in MESFETs.
  Simulation of nonlinear microwave circuits: analytical methods for global
  insight (algebraic harmonic balance, Volterra series, Ritz-Galerkin);
  numerical methods for design (integration and extrapolation, shooting
  methods, generalized power-series analysis (GPSA), numerical harmonic
  balance, and the almost-periodic Fourier transform (APFT). Multivalued
  solutions, jump phenomena and hysteresis, bifurcations and chaotic
  behavior. Practical examples of passive and active circuits illustrating
  theoretical aspects: detectors, mixers, modulators, frequency multipliers,
  frequency dividers.
  R.G. Harrison.

* Engineering 97.570W1 (ELG6370)
  Spread Spectrum Systems
  Fundamentals; jamming, energy allocations, system configurations, energy
  gain, applications such as antijam, low probability of intercept, multiple
  access, time of arrival. Anti-jam systems; parameters, jammer waveforms,
  uncoded and coded direct sequence BPSK,uncoded and coded binary FSK,
  interleaver/hop tradeoff, coder BER bounds, cutoff rates, DS-BPSK and
  pulse jamming bounds, FH-MFSK and partial band jamming bounds, diversity
  for FH-MFSK, concatenation of codes. Pseudo-noise generators:
  storage/generation, linear recursions, memory efficient linear generators,
  statistical properties of M sequences, Galois field connections, nonlinear
  feed forward logic, DS and FH multiple access design. Code synchronizers;
  single dwell and multiple dwell serial PN acquisition for DS, delay locked
  loop and Tau-Dither loop PN tracking for DS, time and frequency
  synchronization for FH.
  J.S. Wight.

* Engineering 97.571F1 (ELG6371)
  Optical and Microwave Remote Sensing Instrumentation
  Introduction to airborne and remote sensing for environmental monitoring.
  Interaction of optical and microwave radiation with the Earth's surface
  and its impact on sensing and instrumentation design and operation.
  Airborne platform motion compensation schemes and their application to
  geometric correction of airborne imagery. Passive and active
  electro-optical senors. Radar systems: clutter measurement;
  scatterometers, real aperture strip mapping radar (SLAR); synthetic
  aperture strip mapping radars (SAR).
  C.E. Livingstone and members of the department.

* Engineering 97.577 (ELG6377)
  Microelectronic Sensors
  This course is concerned with the fabrication and physical principles of
  operation of microelectro-nic sensors. A large variety of sensors will be
  studied and the basic fabrication methods used in their production
  reviewed. The devices discussed will include optical sensors, fiber optic
  sensors, magnetic sensors, temperature sensors and, briefly, chemical
  sensors. A substantial portion of the course will be devoted to
  micro-mechanical sensors.
  T.J. Smy.

* Engineering 97.578 (ELG6378)
  ASIC's in Telecommunications
  The definition of Application Specific Integrated Circuits is given along
  with current ASIC technology trends. CMOS and BiCMOS fabrication
  technologies are compared for their potential use in communications
  circuits. Circuit building blocks such as amplifiers, switched-capacitor
  fiters and analog to digital converters are overviewed in the context of
  their communications applications. An overview of vendor technologies is
  followed by application examples such as line drivers, pulse shaping and
  equalization circuits, high-speed data transmission over twisted pair
  copper cables and mobile radio components and implementation issues.
  Students are required to submit a related literature study and design a
  communications integrated circuit component using a standard cell library
  environment.
  T.A. Kwasniewski.

* Engineering 97.579W1 (ELG6379)
  Advanced Topics in Electromagnetics
  Recent and advanced topics in electromagne-tics, antennas, radar systems,
  microwave devices and circuits, or optoelectronics. The subject material
  will vary from year to year according to research interests in the
  department and/or ex- pertise provided by visiting scholars or sessional
  lecturers.

* Engineering 97.580F1 (ELG6380)
  Theory of Semiconductor Devices
  Review of solid state physics underlying device mechanisms. Equilibrium
  and non-equilibrium conditions in a semiconductor. Carrier trans-port
  theory. Physical theory of basic semiconductor device structures and
  aspects of design: PN junctions and bipolar transistors, field effect
  devices. Current transport relationships for transistors. Charge control
  theory. Modeling of device mechanisms. Performance limitations of
  transistors.
  T.J. Smy.

* Engineering 97.581 (ELG6381)
  Electronic Circuit Reliability
  Basic considerations in electronic circuit relia-bility, with particular
  reference to integrated circuits. A brief introduction to reliability
  statistics. Probability density functions (for example, Gaussian, Log
  normal, Weibull, etc.). Reaction kinetics (Arrhenius relationship).
  Accelerated life testing: design of tests and analysis of results.
  Significance of differences (Chi-square test). Determination of confidence
  limits. Sampling plans: producer's and consumer's risk. Screening and
  burn-in: MIL-M-38510 and IL-STD-883. System reliability: FMECA,
  reliability-modeling, MIL-HDBK-217. Reliability physics. Failure modes and
  mechanisms of ICs, package and chip. Failure analysis tools and
  techniques, optical, infrared, SEM, stroboscopic voltage contrast, X-ray
  microprobe, Auger analysis, ion microprobe. Reliability in IC design.
  Reliable design rules. Process control and qualification. Step-stress
  testing. Semiconductor test structures. VLSI reliability considerations.
  D.V. Sulway.

* Engineering 97.582W1 (ELG6382)
  Surface-Controlled Semiconductor Devices
  Basic theory of the MOS capacitor structure;  charge and capacitance
  relationships; characterization of practical structures. MOSFET theory:
  classical 1-D analysis, Pao-Sah model, charge-sheet model, saturation
  region analysis. Small-geometry devices, scaling theory. Dynamic behavior
  of MOSFETs: quasi-static models, capacitance characterization.
  Metal-semiconductor devices; Schottky diode structures and MESFETs. Device
  modeling for CAD.
  Prerequisite: Engineering 97.580 or equivalent.
  D.J. Walkey.

* Engineering 97.583F1 (ELG6383)
  Silicon Compilers: Automated IC Synthesis
  A number of topics related to computer analysis and synthesis of
  integrated circuits will be discussed. These topics will include automatic
  PLA/FSM (programmable logic array)/(finite state machines) compilers,
  silicon compilers and automatic test plan generators (ATPG).
  Prerequisite: Some IC design knowledge as given, for example, by
  Engineering 97.469.
  J.P. Knight.

* Engineering 97.584F1 (ELG6384)
  VLSI Design
  An integrated circuit design course with a strong emphasis on design
  methodology, to be followed by 97.585 in the second term. The design
  philoso-phies considered will include Full Custom design, standard cells,
  gate-arrays and sea-of-gates using CMOS technology. State-of-the-art
  computer-aided design tools are available on a network of SUN
  workstations.
  M.C. Lefebvre.

* Engineering 97.585W1 (ELG6385)
  VLSI Design Project
  A continuation of 97.584. Students will have reviewed and tested earlier
  designs in the course, and will initiate their own design of an integrated
  circuit and submit it for fabrication where the design warrants. This
  course will require considerable project time in our CAD lab.
  M.C. Lefebvre.

* Engineering 97.586F1 (ELG6386)
  Computer-Aided Design: Circuit Design Aids
  This course will cover a variety of computer tools for creating and
  analyzing integrated circuit designs. The theoretical part of the course
  will cover the methods and algorithms used in CADENCE, ELECTRIC and/or
  similar tools. In particular, logic simulation, fault simulation,
  placement routing, layout verification, and synthesis will be considered.
  J.P. Knight.

* Engineering 97.587W1 (ELG6387)
  Microprocessor Electronics
  This course introduces the student to the analysis and design of a
  microprocessor-based system, integrating the three design aspects: signal
  representation and processing, hardware and software. Topics discussed are
  stochastic processes, digital signal representation (as applied to a
  microprocessor system design), conversion and arithmetic errors, real-time
  appli- cations software support, micro-architecture of VLSI systems,
  innovative modern micro- and DSP-processors, bit slices, A/D and D/A
  converters, controller chips. Students will be given design examples and
  prepare their own micro-computer system designs.
  Prerequisite: Engineering 97.476 or equivalent.
  T.A. Kwasniewski.

* Engineering 97.588F1 (ELG6388)
  Signal Processing Electronics
  Signal processing from the viewpoint of analog integrated circuit design.
  CCD's, transversal filters, recursive filters, switched capacitor filters,
  with particular emphasis on integration of ana-log signal processing
  techniques in monolithic MOS ICs. Detailed op amp design in CMOS
  technology. Implications of nonideal op amp behavior in filter
  performance. Basic sampled data concepts, detailed Z transform analysis
  of switched capacitor filters, oversampled A/D converters and more complex
  circuits. Noise in analog and sampled analog circuits, including
  calculation of dynamic range and signal to noise ratio.
  M.A. Copeland.

* Engineering 97.589F1, W1 (ELG6389)
  Advanced Topics in Electronics
  A course dealing with selected advanced topics of recent interest in the
  broad field of solid state devices, electronic circuits, and
  electromagne-tics. Specified topics to be announced each year. Course
  usually given on a seminar basis with student presentations on assigned
  topics.

* Engineering 97.590F1, W1, S1
  Engineering Project I
  A one-term course, carrying half-course credit, for students pursuing the
  course work M.Eng. program. An engineering study, analysis and/or design
  project under the supervision of a faculty member. Results will be given
  in the form of a written report and presented orally. This course may be
  repeated for credit.

* Engineering 97.591F2, W2, S2
  Engineering Project II
  A one-term course, carrying full-course credit, for students pursuing the
  course work M.Eng. program or the cooperative M.Eng. program. An
  engineering study, analysis and/or design project under the supervision
  of a faculty member. Results will be given in the form of a written report
  and presented orally. This course may be repeated for credit.

* Engineering 97.596F1, W1, S1
  Directed Studies
  Various possibilities exist for pursuing directed studies on topics
  approved by a course supervisor, including the above listed course topics
  where they are not offered on a formal basis.

* Engineering 97.599F4, W4, S4
  M.Eng. Thesis

* Engineering 97.699F, W, S
  Ph.D. Thesis